unit 1 Developments in Dar-Al-Islam and Major Religions

House of Islam

Another name for Dar-Al-Islam, referring to the Islamic world.

What are the three major religions that originated in the Middle East?

Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

What is the significance of Judaism in relation to Christianity and Islam?

Judaism is a monotheistic religion that influenced the development of both Christianity and Islam.

Who established Christianity and what was his background?

Christianity was established by Jesus Christ, who was a Jewish Prophet.

How did early Christians initially respond to their faith?

Early Christians were initially persecuted as a minority before Christianity was adopted by the Roman Empire.

What impact did Christianity have on Europe and Africa?

Christianity influenced the organization of states in Europe and Africa.

Who founded Islam and when?

Islam was founded by the Prophet Muhammad in the 7th century on the Arabian Peninsula.

What are the key teachings of Islam regarding salvation?

Islam teaches salvation through righteous actions such as almsgiving, prayer, and fasting.

How did Islam spread geographically?

Islam spread rapidly throughout the Middle East, Africa, and Europe.

What role did trade play in the rise of Islamic states?

Islam facilitated trade and led to the rise of prosperous Islamic states.

What was the Abbasid Caliphate known for?

The Abbasid Caliphate, established in the 8th century, was known for being ethnically Arab and for its Golden Age of Islam marked by innovations and advancements.

What was the Seljuk Empire's contribution to Islamic expansion?

The Seljuk Empire, made up of pastoral Turkic people, expanded through military force and claimed political power.

What was the Mamluk Sultanate?

The Mamluk Sultanate was established by Turkic warriors who seized power in Egypt under Saladin.

What was the Delhi Sultanate?

The Delhi Sultanate was a state established by Turkic Muslims in South Asia.

What are two continuities in the Muslim empire?

1) Military in charge of administration, 2) Implementation of Sharia Law.

How did military expansion contribute to the spread of Islam?

The Delhi Sultanate's military expansion facilitated the spread of Islam.

What role did merchant activity play in the spread of Islam?

Muslim merchants stimulated trade throughout Africa, leading to the conversion of regions like Mali to Islam.

Who were Muslim missionaries and what was Sufism?

Muslim missionaries, particularly Sufis, emphasized mystical experiences and were significant in spreading Islam.

What mathematical innovation is attributed to the Golden Age of Islam?

Trigonometry was invented to better understand planetary and stellar movements.

What was the House of Wisdom?

The House of Wisdom was established in Baghdad during the Golden Age of Islam as a library for studying religion and preserving philosophical works.

What is the ultimate goal of Hinduism?

The ultimate goal of Hinduism is to reunite individual souls with the all-pervasive world soul, or Brahman.

What distinguishes Hinduism from monotheistic religions?

Hinduism is a polytheistic belief system, which sets it apart from monotheistic religions.

How does Hinduism view the cycle of life?

Hinduism involves cycling through death and rebirth (reincarnation) to achieve spiritual goals.

What was the status of Buddhism in India by 1200?

By 1200, Buddhism's influence was declining in India, despite its origins there.