Waxes

C - H - O - Cl

Synthetic waxes are composed of which elements (4)?

Synthetic Wax

Which is more homogeneous and uniform, synthetic or natural waxes?

Carnauba Wax

One of the hardest and most durable waxes; derived from carnauba palm tree fraunds.

Carnauba Wax

Main component of dental inlay wax.

Candelilla Wax

Major component of some dental waxes; obtained from plants in Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, etc.

Clinical Products - Laboratory Products

Dental waxes are classified into 2 groups, which are?

Clinical Products

(Dental Wax) Bite registration wax, disclosing wax, utility waxes, and low melting type I inlay waxes used in the mouth for direct-waxing processes for pattern production.

Laboratory Products

(Dental Wax) Boxing wax, baseplate wax, sticky wax, beading wax, utility wax, and type II inlay-type waxes.

Type II Waxes

These waxes are used for the lost-wax processing of cast prostheses and frameworks.

Pattern Wax - Processing Wax - Impression Wax

Dental waxes can also be classified into 3 types, which are?

Pattern Wax

Inlay, casting, and baseplate types.

Processing Wax

Boxing, utility, and sticky types.

Impression Wax

Bite registration and correction types.

Casting Wax

This wax is used for partial denture frameworks and other metal frameworks.

Correction Wax

Are used for repairing ceramic margin defects on all-ceramic inlays and crowns.

Inlay Wax

Are used to prepare patterns for casting in gold or ceramic.

Yes

Should inlay wax colors contrast with teeth and dies?

54-60

Inlay waxes can be softened over a flame or in water at for _-_ degrees celsius for adaption to the tooth or die.

No

Is direct technique for wax patterns often used in practice?

Yes

Is it true that indirect method patterns may not shrink as much as direct method patterns?

Dipping Wax

Are used for mass production of patterns.

Direct

Is type I used for direct or indirect techniques?

Indirect

Is type II used for direct or indirect techniques?

Separating Medium

This is used to ensure complete separation of the wax pattern without distortion.

Investment

Wax patterns are encased in gypsum or phosphate-based material known as?

Natural Wax

These waxes are derived from mineral, vegetable, and animal origins.

Synthetic Wax

These waxes are chemically synthesized from natural wax molecules and are more homogeneous than pure natural waxes.

Coloring Agents

These are added for contrast against tooth, die, and model surfaces or to provide natural tooth colors for demonstration models.

Paraffin

Most dental waxes contain 40% to 60% ________ by weight , derived from high-boiling fractions of petroleum.

Softer Wax

Which produces larger cast metal or HIP ceramic prostheses due to higher flow expansion during investment heating, softer wax or harder wax?

Yes

Is it advisable to use the lowest temperature possible when heating waxes?

Dry Heat

This type of heat is preferred for manipulating inlay wax to avoid water droplets that cause splattering, smearing, and distortion.

Yes

Does a newly made wax pattern change shape and size over time?

Yes

Do waxes have an elastic memory?

Yes

Is elastic memory crucial for inlay waxes?

Thermal Expansion

________ _________ of wax held under pressure during cooling increases above the glass transition temperature more than cooled without pressure.

Sprued Wax

(Casting Ring) ______ ___ pattern in the center of the investment ring.

Spherical Reservoir

(Casting Ring) ________ ________ attached to the single crown pattern to maintain a molten pool of metal.

Runner Bar

(Casting Ring) ______ ___ used as a reservoir for the bridge pattern.

Yes

Does storing a wax pattern for too long cause distortion due to stress relaxation effects?

Exothermic

_________ heat during investment setting affects soft wax patterns more, leading to larger and rougher castings.

37.8 C (100 F)

Soft inlay waxes may expand during setting in a hygroscopic bath at this temperature, contributing to setting expansion.

Baseplate Wax

This wax is used to establish the initial arch form in complete dentures, supplied in 1 to 2 mm thick red or pink sheets.

Paraffin - Ceresin - Beeswax

Baseplate wax composition: approximately 70% ________ or _______, with addition of _______ and other resins or waxes.

Type I (soft)

This wax is used for building veneers.

Type II (medium)

This wax is designed for patterns placed in the mouth in normal climatic conditions.

Type III (hard)

This wax is used for trial fitting in tropical climates.

Impression Waxes

These waxes tend to distort if withdrawn from undercut areas, limited to edentulous sites or occlusal surface areas.

Corrective Waxes 

These waxes are relatively soft at mouth temperature but rigid at room temperature.

Sticky Wax

This wax is used to temporarily fasten gypsum model components, join and stabilize bridge components before soldering, or attach pieces of a broken denture prior to repair.

Boxing Wax

This wax is used to enclose an impression before pouring plaster or stone cast, provided in pink-colored flat sheets.

Carving and Presentation Waxes

These waxes are used for demonstration purposes, containing synthetic and polymeric materials with additives like fillers and coloring agents.