The periodic Table

group I elements

alkali metals

group II elements

alkali earth metals

Group VII elements

halogens

Group VIII elements

noble gases

Blurt 6 properties of non-metals

Non-metals are solids at room temp

Non metals have low densities

Non metals are poor conductors of electricity

Non metals are poor thermal conductors besides diamond and granite

Non metals vary in color

non metals are brittle

Name the 7 metalloids

The seven metalloids are Boron, Silicon, Germanium, Arsenic, Antimony, Tellurium, and Polonium.

Comment on the properties of metalloids

they have the same properties as non metals

Blurt 6 properties of a metal

Metals are malleable

Metals are ductile

good conductors of heat

good conductor of electricity

Are solid except mercury

Have high melting points

Valent Electrons

Electrons in the outer shell of an atom that react in a chemical reaction

Comment on valent electrons in a chemical reaction

An atom with little valent electrons is likely to loose electrons in a chemical reaction causing it to become a cation which is positively charged but if an atom has many valent electrons it is most likely to gain electrons and become an anion

valency

determines whether an atom should loose or gain an electron in a chemical reaction, e.g. lithium has a valency of +1 there for it should loose an electron

Comment on the trend of density of elements in the periodic table

density increases from left to middle and decreases from middle to right.

Comment on melting and boiling point

it increases from to the middle and decreases from middle to right.

Comment on atomic radius

atomic radius increases from left to right

What is atomic radius

The distance from the nucleas to the outer shell

Ionisation energy

The amount of energy needed to remove an electron in a chemical reaction in its gaseous state.

blurt on the relationship between ionisation energy and atomic radius

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Electron Affinity

The amount of energy that is released or the energy change when an electron is added to an atom in its gaseous state

electronegativity

Measures how much an atom in a molecule or compound pulls electrons towards itself therefore if an atom has high electronegativity it has high amount of valent electrons