6.The Modern State System

What are the major historical systems of the state mentioned in the lecture?

Greek City-State System, Roman System, Medieval European System, Westphalian System.

What marked the beginning of the Westphalian System?

The Peace of Westphalia in 1648.

What is the only legitimate actor in world politics according to the lecture?

The Nation State.

Which system displaced other forms of political and military rule like monarchies and theocracies?

The Nation State System.

What were the major actors in the Thirty Years' War?

Protestants: Sweden, Netherlands, Denmark/Norway; Catholics: Spain, Holy Roman Empire (Austria).

What principle of the Westphalian System establishes state rights?

Territorial integrity of states.

What can be said about the balance of power during the Concert of Europe?

It was a multi-polar balance of power system.

What is Mercantilism?

A system of economic regulations to increase a state’s power, focusing on exporting more than importing.

What did the Industrial Revolution demand from England?

A demand for English goods that helped industrialization.

What was a key feature of the Cold War regarding superpower conflict?

Superpowers tested each other through proxy wars.

What were the principles of Liberal Nationalism established during revolutions?

Popular sovereignty, power rests with the people.

What did the Berlin Conference (1884-1885) lead to?

The partition of Africa among European powers.

What was a significant outcome of World War I mentioned in the notes?

Great human and material losses, including 10 million soldiers and 10 million civilians dead.

What was the impact of the atomic bomb during World War II?

It led to profound changes in the international system and the creation of the United Nations.

What characterized the ideological conflict of the Cold War?

A struggle between liberal democracies, fascism, and communism.

What events marked the end of the Cold War?

Fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989 and the end of the Soviet Union in August 1991.

What type of trade system developed during the colonial system?

The Triangular Trade System, involving sugar, cotton, tobacco, slaves, and manufactured goods.

What principle guided the NATO alliance formed during the Cold War?

Collective security among member nations.

What does the term 'security dilemma' refer to in the context of the Cold War?

The fear that increased military capabilities by one state would be perceived as a threat by another.