AP Environmental Science-Biomes
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Last updated 12:33 AM on 12/2/22
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106 Terms
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Tundra temp
-10 to 5 Celsius
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(14-41F)
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Tundra precipitation
0-100cm
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Tundra Plants
Shrubs, lichens, NO trees
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Tundra Animals
Hare, Artic fox, Polar Bear, Caribou
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Tundra important facts
Permafrost; Low precipitation, cool temp, shallow soil = low NPP
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Boreal forest/Taiga temp
-5 --> 10 C
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Taiga precipitation
25 --> 200 C
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Taiga important facts
- short growing season
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- low precipitation+slow decomposition+shallow soil=low NPP
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Taiga plants
Conifers
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Taiga animals
Moose, Wolf, Bear, Beaver
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Temperate Rainforest temp
5 --> 20 C
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Temperate Rainforest precipitation
150 --> 350 cm
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Temperate rainforest important facts
- Coastal biome
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- High rain + moderate temp = high NPP
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- BIG TREES
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- Rapid plant growth = low soil nutrient levels
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Temperate rainforest plants
Conifers (Pine, spruce)
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Temperate rainforest animals
Bear, grouse, banana slug, spotted owl
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Temperate Season (Deciduous) Forest temp
5 --> 20 C
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Temperate Season (Deciduous) Forest precipitation
50 --> 225 cm
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Temperate Season (Deciduous) Forest important facts
- warmer temps = rapid decomposition = high soil nutrient levels
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- high NPP
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- Prime target for agricultural development
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Temperate Season (Deciduous) Forest plants
Broad-leaf deciduous trees (Oak, Maple, Hickory)
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Temperate Season (Deciduous) Forest animals
Squirrel, chipmunk, bobcat, white-tailed deer
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Woodland/Shrubland/Chaparral
-5 --> 20 C
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Chaparral precipitation
25 --> 125 cm
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Chaparral important facts
- NPP limited by summer high temp + low precipitation
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- Species evolved around regular wildlife cycles
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Chaparral plants
Drought resistant shrubs (Sages, Yucca)
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Chaparral animals
Mule deer, Roadrunner, Coyote, Jack Rabbit
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Temperate Grassland temp
-5 --> 20 C
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Temperate Grassland precipitation
0 --> 50 cm
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Temperate Grassland plants
Grasses
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Temperate Grassland animals
Bison, Pronghorn, Prairie Dog, Black-footed Ferret, Sage Grouse
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Temperate Grassland important facts
- NPP limited by temp & rain
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- Species evolved around regular wildfire cycles
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Tropical Rainforest temp
20 --> 30 C
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Tropical Rainforest precipitation
250 --> 450 cm
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Tropical Rainforest plants
Broad-leaf Evergreens
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Tropical rainforest animals
Poison dart frog, Gorilla, Orangutan, Chimpanzee, Jaguar
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Tropical rainforest important facts
- V rapid growth=v low soil nutrient levels
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- Most biodiversity (2/3 terrestrial)
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- Very high NPP
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Tropical Season/Tropical Dry Forest Savannah temp
20 --> 30 C
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Tropical Season/Dry Forest Savannah precipitation
50 --> 275 C
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Tropical Season/Dry Forest Savannah important facts
- Obvi wet/dry seasons
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- High decomp. rate = fertile soil = agriculture
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- NPP limited by precipitation
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- Grazing & regular wild fire keeps large, woody plants at bay
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Tropical Season/Dry Forest Savannah plants
Broad-leaf grasses
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Tropical Season/Dry Forest Savannah animals
Zebra, Lion, Elephant, Rhino
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Desert temp
18 --> 31C
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Desert precipitation
0 --> 100 cm
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Desert important facts
- NPP limited by rain
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- Low NPP = high sensitivity to disturbance
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- Rain brings brief but rapid plant growth
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Desert plants
Cacti & succulents
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Desert animals
Camel, Kangaroo Rat, Gila Monster, Scorpion, Jackal
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Streams/Rivers
Lotic System; drainage basin
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The Lotic System
- Source Zone
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- Transition Zone
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- Floodplain Zone
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Source Zone
Shallow, cold, fast slowing stream
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- high DO
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- low nutrient levels=low NPP
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Transition Zone
Wider stream bed
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- warmer water, slower stream
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- lower DO
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More NPP
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Floodplain Zone
- Wide stream bed
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- Warmest temp
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- Least DO
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Highest NPP
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Ponds/Lakes
Lentic System
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- Oligotrophic(deep+bad)
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- Eutrophic(shallow, good)
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Littoral Zone, Limnetic Zone
lots of light, high/mid NPP
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Profundal Zone/Benthic Zone
low-no light; low NPP
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Freshwater: Inland Wetlands
- Marshes, swamps, prairies
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- Areas of land covered in water year round
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- good productivity bc high NPP
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Freshwater services
filtering toxic water
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- supplying natural products
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- Recreation
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Marine: Open Ocean Zones
1. Intertidal
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2. Coastal
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3. Euphotic
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4. Bathyal
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5. Abyssal
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Marine: Estuaries & Salt Marshes
- most biodiverse biome
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- high NPP
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- where salt+freshwater meet
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*Mangrove Forests
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Marine: Intertidal Zone
- Narrow band along coastlines between the high and low tide marks
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- Type of habitat varies sandy to steep and rocky
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Intertidal Zone challenges
Challenging for species to survive in:
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- Exposure to elements at low tide
Note 
Flashcards (20)