Types of Anesthesia: Lecture Notes Summary

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to anesthesia types, phases, administration, and complications.

What are the types of anesthesia?

General, Inhalation, Intravenous, Combination inhalation and IV, Regional, Spinal, Epidural, CSE, Peripheral Nerve Block, Local, Conscious Sedation.

What is the triad of anesthesia in General Anesthesia?

Unconsciousness (hypnosis), Analgesia (decreased reflexes to pain), and Muscle relaxation.

What are the three phases of General Anesthesia?

Induction, Maintenance, and Emergence.

What is included in the Induction phase of General Anesthesia?

Administration of anesthesia leading to unconsciousness; can be via inhalation or intravenous methods.

What is the primary advantage of utilizing a combination of inhalational and IV induction in General Anesthesia?

It takes advantage of both inhalation and IV drugs for induction and maintenance.

What is the emergence phase in General Anesthesia?

Reversal of anesthetic agents, returning the patient to consciousness and ensuring they can maintain a patent airway.

What are some indications for Regional Anesthesia?

Anesthesia, Analgesia, surgeries on the abdomen and legs.

What is a key characteristic of Spinal Anesthesia?

Injected into the cerebral spinal fluid within the subarachnoid space, providing pain relief in the surgical region.

What is the purpose of adding epinephrine to Epidural Anesthesia?

It decreases vascular absorption, prolongs anesthetic duration, and minimizes the risk of systemic toxicity.

What are the main symptoms of Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity (LAST)?

Facial tingling, tinnitus, circumoral numbness, slurred speech, seizures, hypotension, and circulatory collapse.

What medications are commonly used for Conscious Sedation?

Midazolam, Fentanyl, Remifentanil, Ketamine, and Propofol.