APUSH Unit 2

French looking for ____ in Ohio River valley

Furs

Significant Dutch company

Dutch West Indies Co

Jacques Cartier

French explorer who claimed North America for the French

Henry Hudson

Explorer of the Hudson River seeking the Northwest passage

Samuel De Champlain

Founder of Quebec

Native Tribe that the French allied with

Hurons and Algonquians

The Spanish Armada

King Philip II of Spain’s failed attempt to invade England and its support for the Netherlands

John Cabot

Sent by Henry VII of England in the Maine area, established 13 colonies area for Britian

Sir. Walter Raleigh

Created Roanoke colony

word was carved onto the fence in abandoned Roanoke colony

Croatoan

Year Jamestown established

1607

Elizabeth I’s religion

Protestant (sister Catholic)

Enclosure Act

Closed off modern land » Poverty » Fueled migrants going to New World

Struggles of Chesapeke

Poor soil, diseases, unprepared golddiggers

Starving Time

Starvation, cannibalism & death from Indian Siege in Jamestown from Powhatan Seize

John Smith

Established Jamestown, captured by Powhatans, saved by Pochahontas

Lord De la Warr

Founder of Delaware, saved Jamestown from death, started Powhatan Wars

Headright System

Promoted indentured servitude by giving more land

Bacon’s Rebellion

Nathaniel Bacon gathers White+Black men to fight Native Americans off land, then they burn House of Burgesses since Gov.William Berkley wouldn’t fight natives

House of Burgesses

1st democratic government in new world

John Calvin & John Winthrop

Settlers of Puritan New England

Plymouth

Puritan settlement of Pilgrims who wanted complete speration from Church

Mayflower Compact

paved way for democracy & laid grounds for settling Plymouth

Pilgrims

seperatists — wanted to break away from church of England entirely (Plymouth)

Puritans

not separatists, wanted to ADJUST Church of England (Massachussetts Bay)

What was the purpose of Massachussets bay

English Jerusalem, example to world, praying towns + converts of native Algonquians

Roger Williams & Anne Hutchinson

Expelled for differing beliefs that Puritans shouldn’t treat natives unkindly/differing views on religion

Massasoit

Father of Metacom, sought to be peaceful with Pilgrims

Metacom’s war

wampanoag + native americans against English in new england

What was the main source of economy for

Barbados Slave Act 1661

First law on Chattel Slavery in the new world, established passes for traveling and stripped away legal rights

Lord Baltimore

Founder of Maryland and the Tolerant act of 1692, which established religious tolerance for all of Maryland’s sects of Christians

James Ogelthorpe

Founder of Georgia as haven for those in debt, esp. prison, outlawed slavery at first but had to establish it

William Penn

Quaker, believed everyone men+women equal, established Pennsylvania that was more ethnically diverse and tolerant

What practice was Philidelphia

Pacifists

Mercantalism

export more than you import

What crop did the Carribean cultivate?

Sugar

What did Carolina and the Middle Colonies cultivate?

Rice & Grain

What did New England cultivate?

Fishing, lumber, pelts

Mourning Wars

Native American raids on other native tribes to replace their own members who had died by European-brought disease and warfare

1651 Navigation Acts

Limitations on American trade by the British, goods had to be transported on British ships and sold in British ports, fueled American. rev.

Salutary Neglect

Periods of time when the rulers dismissed/ignored America, led to uprisings when King George III reasserted rule

Anglo-Powhatan Wars

Land disputes & surprise attacks by Powhatans on Virginia due to increasing English enroachment

What region did the Dutch settle in?

Hudson River Valley

What is another term for the Pueblo Revolt

Pope’s Rebellion

Pope’s Rebellion

Native American fight against Spanish in New Mexico led by Pope gathered Pueblo, Apache and Navajo tribes and drove the Spanish out for QUITE a while.

Royal African Company

created by King Charles II to monopolize the transport of slaves

Stono Rebellion

The slave Jemmy in South Carolina led groups of armed slaves to fight the white owners, but were defeated and sold/executed » Negro Act of 1740

Negro Act of 1740

Slaves in South Carolina not permitted to grow food/write/travel

New York Conspiracy Trials 1741

Set of fires during era of political tension that led to deaths/hanging/trials of white & black men

Englightenment

Age of reason, scientific, intellectual movement

Rationalism

Humans capable of reasoning to gain knowledge without church or scripture

Empiricism

Knowledge gained through experience and observation

Progressivism

Humans progress over time

Cosmopolitanism

Idea of global citizenship

The First Great Awakening

protestant religious revival in Old and New World that advocated for more personal religious practices, fostered more to minorities, very emotional

Almanac

Benjamin franklin’s advice & sayings

Freemasons

Secret society, many leaders of American revolution were a part of this like B. Franklin

Deism

Make your own judgement/morals, but there is a god he just doesn’t really get involved

Calvinism

God’s absolute soveirengty, authority of Bible, predestination, John Calvin (Massachussetts Bay)

Jonathan Edwards, George Whitfield

Central figures of First Great Awakening

William Byrd

Colonial gentry » Fueled Consumer Revolution

Whigs

English political party against the King

Phyllis Wheatley

First African American in US to publish poetry

John Peter Zenger

fueled Freedom of the Press Movement

Cato’s Letters

Established how corrupt British government was

Cutoms Duties

Another word for taxes

Proprietary colonies

Land granted to proprietors for full government ability by the Crown

Glorious Revolution

Replacement of Catholic King James II by his son Wiliam and Mary, who were Protestants

Primogeniture

All inheritance went too the firstborn son

John Rolfe

The guy that actually married Pochahontas

Consumer Revolution

Colonial gentry led to increased supply of journals, newspapers, books, shared interests across Atlantic

Dominion of New England

Colonial administration established by the British that America HATED, It stripped local legislature, increased imperial control ( was later overthrown )