Herpetology Practical 3 - Genus
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12 Terms
Scaphiopus couchii
Couch’s Spadefoots
sickle shaped spade on hind foot
no boss or fontanelle between eyes
pug-dog profile
reticulated dorsal pattern
Spea
Spadefoots
wedge shaped spade on hindfoot
no paratoid glands
great basin sf has bumps, plains sf has 4 stripes, new mexico has nothing but spade
Craugastor
barking frog
direct development
skin fold on back of head
tubercles on feet
no webbing on hind feet
Hyla
Treefrog
large toe pads
canyon treefrog has rough bumpy skin and no eye stripe
wright’s mountain has smooth skin and eye stripe beyond shoulder
Pseudacris
Chorus frog
small toe pads
slight webbing on feet
dark eye stripe that extends beyond shoulder
boreal has smooth skin and 3 stripes on dorsum
pacific has no pattern and slightly bumpy
Bufo alvarius
Sonoran Desert toad
Largest toad in AZ
smooth skin
large parotoid glands behind eyes
white wart by corner of mouth
large warts on hind legs
Bufo debilis
Green toad
small, flat, green
elongate
horizontal, goat-like pupils
widely separated parotoids
dark markings not reticulate
Bufo (cognatus, B. microscaphus, B. punctatus, B. woodhousii)
rest of toads
large, elongate, and separated parotoids
can have dark non-reticulated markings, dark reticulated markings, red spots, large dark splotches, or white dorsal stripe down the middle
wide, flat bodies
flattened heads
Gastrophryne
Great plains narrow mouthed toad
flat bodied
smooth skin
sharp snout
broad waist
very tiny
Rana catesbeiana
American bullfrog
largest frog in Az
no dorsolateral folds
large tympanum
webbed hind feet
large sacral humps on hips
white chin
Rana tarahumarae
Tarahumara frog
wiped out in 1983 due to chytrid fungus
indistinct dorsolateral folds
indistinct tympanum
rough skin
dark bars on hind limbs
webbed hind feet
Rana (berlandieri, R. blairi, R. fisheri, R. pipiens, R. yavapaiensis, R. onca)
Leopard frogs
5 native species, all protected
identifiable by large spots on dorsum, similar to leopard spots
Note 
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