Chapter 5 - Different Types of Business Process Management Systems

Business Process Management Systems (BPMS)

_____ are software platforms that help organizations design, execute, monitor, and optimize business processes

BPMS

Its purpose is to ensure that organizational workflows are efficient, effective, and adaptable to change

• System-to-System Processes

• Person-to-System Processes

• Person-to-Person Processes

Types of BPMS Processes:

System-to-System Processes

Involves automated interactions between different IT systems without human involvement

Person-to-System Processes

Involves human interaction with a system, such as entering data, approving requests, or monitoring dashboards

Person-to-Person Processes

Focused on human collaboration—BPMS helps manage and track communications, approvals, and task assignments

System-to-System Processes

Example: Inventory management system automatically updates sales data to the accounting software

Person-to-System Processes

Example: An HR manager uses a BPMS portal to approve employee leave requests

Person-to-Person Processes

Example: Marketing team members collaborating on a product launch approval workflow

Data-Centric Integration Products

______ are tools or software that focus on moving, connecting, and synchronizing data between different systems

Data-Centric Integration Products

Their main purpose is to make sure that all systems in a business have the same, accurate, and up-to-date information — no matter where that data comes from

Artificial Intelligence (AI), cloud technology

The new generation of data-centric integration tools is more advanced, using _______ and _______ to manage data connections faster and smarter

Application-Centric Integration Products

_______ are tools or systems that focus on connecting different software applications so they can work together efficiently

Application-Centric Integration Products

These products ensure that data and functions can be shared across applications, even if they were built by different vendors or use different technologies

middleware

Application-Centric Integration Products often use _____, which acts as a bridge or middle layer that helps applications exchange data and communicate smoothly.

1. Messaging Service Layer

2. Message Broker Layer

3. Hub-Spoke Message Broker Architecture

4. Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) Architecture

Application-Centric Integration Products models:

Messaging Service Layer

This layer manages communication between applications using messages (data packets).

Messaging Service Layer

It ensures that when one application sends a message, the other one receives it correctly.

Message Broker Layer

Acts as a central mediator or translator that routes messages between different applications.

Message Broker Layer

It ensures messages go to the right destination, even if systems use different data formats.

Hub-Spoke Message Broker Architecture, hub

This model uses a central hub that connects to multiple spokes (applications). The ___ manages and controls communication among all connected systems

Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) Architecture

________ is a more flexible, distributed integration model

Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) Architecture

Instead of relying on one central hub, it uses a shared communication bus where applications can connect directly and exchange messages freely

Process Management Layer

The _______ is the part of a Business Process Management System (BPMS) that helps design, run, and monitor business processes

Process Management Layer

It includes tools and functions that let organizations create workflows, execute them automatically, and track their performance in real time

1. Business Process Designer

2. Business Process Engine

3. Business Activity Monitoring (BAM)

Process Management Layer three main components:

Business Process Designer

A ______ is a visual tool used to model and design workflows (step-by-step processes in a business)

Business Process Designer

It allows users to draw and plan how tasks will flow — from start to finish — using diagrams

Business Process Designer

It often uses BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation), a standard way of drawing process diagrams

Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN)

_______ is a standard visual language used to create diagrams that show how a business process works — step by step

⚪ Circle (Start Event)

BPMN Meaning: Where the process begins

☐ Rounded Rectangle (Activity / Task)

BPMN Meaning: A specific action or step

◇ Diamond (Gateway / Decision Point)

BPMN Meaning:  A choice or condition (Yes/No, Approve/Reject)

⭕ Double Circle (End Event)

Where the process ends

➡ Arrow (Flow Line)

Shows the direction of the process

Business Process Engine

The _______  is the part of the system that runs and manages the process you designed

Business Process Engine

It follows the rules and paths set in the model, ensuring tasks move smoothly from one step to another.

Logic, Routing, State transitions

Business Process Engine handles:

• ____ (what happens next),

• _____ (who receives the task),

• _______ (which step the process is currently in)

Business Activity Monitoring (BAM)

______ provides real-time dashboards, charts, and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to track how well processes are performing

Business Activity Monitoring (BAM)

It helps identify bottlenecks, delays, and compliance issues, allowing managers to take quick action