The French Revolution: The Old Regime and Its Causes

These flashcards cover key concepts and questions about the Old Regime and the French Revolution's causes and developments.

What were the main causes of the French Revolution?

Social inequalities, financial disorders, and the influence of Enlightenment ideas were the main causes.

How did the Enlightenment influence the French Revolution?

The Enlightenment promoted ideals of liberty, equality, and reason, which inspired calls for reform and revolution.

Why are the reforms of the National Assembly described as the death warrant of the Old Regime?

These reforms dismantled the privileges of the clergy and nobility, challenging the existing social order.

What were the two main stages of the French Revolution?

The two main stages were the Moderate Stage (1789-91) and the Radical Stage (1792-94).

What role did the Third Estate play in the French Revolution?

The Third Estate, comprising the bourgeoisie, peasants, and urban laborers, led the revolution and sought to challenge the privileges of the upper estates.

How did financial disorders contribute to the weakness of the Old Regime?

The government's inability to raise sufficient funds, coupled with a corrupt tax system that burdened the peasantry, led to financial crisis.

What privileges did the First and Second Estates hold?

The First Estate (clergy) and Second Estate (nobility) were exempt from most taxes and held significant social and political power.

What grievances did the bourgeoisie have leading up to the Revolution?

They wanted equal opportunities for political and church positions, a constitution limiting the king's power, and reforms to improve administrative efficiency.

What was the state of the French peasantry just before the Revolution?

Most peasants lived in poverty, faced heavy taxation, and had to meet manorial obligations, leading to widespread discontent.

What was the significance of the storming of the Bastille?

The storming of the Bastille on July 14, 1789, marked the beginning of the revolution and a symbolic challenge to royal authority.