Chromosomes & DNA replication

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22 Terms

1

Histones

proteins that DNA wraps around

<p>proteins that DNA wraps around</p>
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2

Chromatin

Clusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell

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3

chromosomes

Condensed cramatin visible during cell division

<p>Condensed cramatin visible during cell division</p>
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4

Centromere

the region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together

<p>the region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together</p>
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5

sister chromatids

identical copies of chromosome

<p>identical copies of chromosome</p>
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6

single chromosome

1 chromosome = 1 chromatid

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7

Double chromosome

1 chromosome = 2 sister chromatids

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8

Diploid (2n)

cell that has two copies of each chromosome, one from an egg and one from a sperm

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9

Haploid (n)

cell having only one complete set of chromosomes.

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10

somatic cells / body cells

Diploid

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11

gametes / sex cells

Haploid

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12

autosomes

codes for the rest of the body

<p>codes for the rest of the body</p>
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13

sex chromosomes

determines the biological sex;

XX - Female

XY - Male

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14

Somatic cell - 44 autosomes, 2 sex chromosomes

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15

Binary Fission

(asexual reproduction)

division of prokaryotic cells

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16

G1

Cell growth

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17

s phase

DNA replication (synthesis)

<p>DNA replication (synthesis)</p>
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18

G2

makes more organelles; preparation for mitosis

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19

Mitosis

division of the nucleus

<p>division of the nucleus</p>
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20

cytokinesis

division of the cytoplasm

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21

checkpoints

fixed mutations

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22

tumor

uncontrolled cell division

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