7.8/5.8 Romanticism

Romanticism

a movement in the arts and literature that originated in the late 18th century, emphasizing inspiration, subjectivity, and the primacy of the individual.

Caspar David Friedrich

German Romantic Painter known for his works that express the sublimity of nature Wanderer above the Sea of Fog.

John Constable

English landscape painter. Used natural color stippled with white to demonstrate shifting atmosphere and changing seasons. (The Hay Wain)

J.M.W. Turner

An English romantic painter of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, known especially for his dramatic, lavishly colored landscapes and seascapes. (Rain Steam and Speed)

Francisco Goya

A Spanish painter of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Among his works is a series of paintings and etchings that powerfully depict the horrors of war. (The Third of May)

Eugene Delacroix

French romantic painter, master of dramatic colorful scenes that stirred the emotions. remote and exotic subjects. (Liberty Leading the People)

Ludwig van Beethoven

romantic composer who was the first to take full advantage of the broad range of instruments in the modern orchestra (5th Symphony, Egmont Overture)

Frederic Chopin

A nineteenth-century Polish romantic composer. He is known for his expressive piano pieces (Nocturne)

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

Russian Romantic composer. (Nutcracker and 1812 Overture.)

Richard Wagner

German composer of operas and inventor of the music drama in which drama and spectacle and music are fused (Ride of the Valkyries)

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

(1749-1832) A German Romantic author fuel the Sturm und Drang movement (Faust, The Sorrows of Young Werther)

William Wordsworth

English romantic poet who wrote about the natural world.

Lord Byron

English Romantic poet who embodied the idea of the "Romantic Hero" died on way to fight in the war for Greek independence

Percy Bysshe Shelley

English Romantic poet; Ode to the West Wind, To a Sky-Lark, Ozymandias

John Keats

English Romantic poet who wrote "Ode to a Nightingale"

Mary Shelley

Romantic horror novelist. Author of Frankenstein.

Victor Hugo

French romantic novelist who wrote The Hunchback of Notre Dame and Les Miserables.

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Enlightenment thinker whose works beyond his political philosophy emphasized nature, spontaneity, individualism, passion, and the subjective, making him seen as the "father of the Romantic Movement" by many historians.

religious revival

An effort to restore religious beliefs after a period in which the religion was practiced less.

Evangelical Movement

A religious movement where members actively shared their religious message in an effort to persuade outsiders to voluntarily and sincerely commit to Christianity.

Methodism

A religion founded by John Wesley. Insisted strict self-discipline and a methodical approach to religious study and observance. Emphasized an intense personal salvation and a life of thrift, abstinence, and hard work.

John Wesley

English clergyman and founder of Methodism

mass uprising

mass movement of the people formed to overthrow an authoritarian power and replace it with a representative government. Such as what happened in the French Rev.