SCIENCE-building blocks and periodic table

atom

the smallest part of an element that still has the properties of that element

element

substance made up of only one atom. cannot be broken down any smaller

molecule

made of 2 or more of the same atom that are chemically combined

compound

made up of two or more different types of atom that are chemically combined

mixture

made of two or more compounds that are not chemically combined

proton

a possitivley charged ssubatomic particle found in the nucleus

electron

a negativley charged subatomic particle found in the shells

neutron

an uncharged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom

periodic table

a table that is an arrangement of elements in order of increasing atomic, arranged in rows called periods and columns named groups

periods

horizontal rows in the periodic table that are in increasing proton number. Tells you the amount of shells the element has

groups

vertical columns in the periodic table where elements with similar physical and chemical properties are grouped together. Tells us how many electrons are in the outermost shell

group 1,2,7,8 names

alkali metals,alkaline earths,halogens,noble gases

alkali

a substance which reacts with an acid to form a salt and water. Alkali are bases that dissolve in water

halogen

group VII of the periodic table

noble gases

grooup VIII of the periodic table. Are not reactive

ionic bonding

occur when one atom loses and another atom gains electrons

compound

a compound is formed when 2 or more elements chemically combine

covalent bonding when atoms share electron

valency

combining power of an element

atomic number

number of protons in t

mass number

number of protons and neutrons