Protein Synthesis Processes

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and concepts related to the processes of transcription and translation in protein synthesis.

What is an anticodon?

The three letters on tRNA that correspond to the codon.

What is significant about methionine (Met) in protein synthesis?

It is the start codon that initiates protein synthesis.

What are the possible stop codons?

UGA, UAG, UAA.

Where does transcription occur?

In the nucleolus.

Which enzyme catalyzes transcription?

RNA Polymerase.

How does mRNA differ from DNA?

mRNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar, while DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar.

Where does translation occur?

In the ribosome and cytoplasm.

What is the function of tRNA?

To bring amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Why is protein synthesis a two-part process?

It requires transcription to make the mRNA and translation to assemble the protein.

What is the role of DNA in protein synthesis?

To provide instructions on how to make a protein.

Where does transcription occur?

In the nucleolus.

What is produced during transcription?

mRNA is made from a DNA template.

What molecules are involved in translation?

tRNA and amino acids.

What does mRNA do in the process of protein synthesis?

It carries the genetic information from the DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.