SOCIAL STUDY GUIDE

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Last updated 8:09 PM on 12/8/22
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154 Terms

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CULTURE
the way of life of a group of people who share traditions
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CIVILIZATION
a culture that has organized a social economic and political system
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RELIGION
A cultural system of beliefs, and practices (organized way of warshiping)
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MONOTHEISM
Belief in one god (Judaism, Christianity, Islam)
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POLYTHEISM
Belief in many gods
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LITERACY RATE
the % of people who can read vs those who can't.
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SOVEREIGNTY
they have the most power
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AUTHORITARIAN
having complete control no freedom (if u don't do what they say there will be consequences example: Russia or china
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DICTATORSHIP
a country, government, or the form of government in which absolute power is exercised by a dictator.
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MONARCH
a person uncharge of the head of state especially a king, queen.
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CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY
A King or Queen acts like the head of state but they need permission
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OILIGARCHY
group of people controlling a country
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DEMOCRACY
voting someone to represent you
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SUFFRAGE
the right to vote in political elections
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ECONOMY
how rich or poor a country is
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TOTALITARIANISM
people who put themselves in power
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ECONOMIC SYSTEM
the way in which the people of a country produce and distribute good
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TRADITIONAL ECONOMY
an economic system in which traditional, customs and beliefs shape the goods
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COMMAND ECONOMY
An economic system in which the government controls a country's economy.
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COMMUNISM
the government decided everything
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MARKET ECONOMY
Economic decisions are made by individuals
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CAPITALISM
private owners for profit
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FREE ENTERPRISE
an economic system in which private business and governments are competing
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MIXED ECONOMY
an economic system combining private and public enterprise. EXAMPLE: (when u go to the mall for free but you have to pay to go to the bathroom)
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SOCIALISM
when the community controls the economy and government
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GEOGRAPHY
study of the earth
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ABSOLUTE LOCATION
the exact location of a place
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HEMISPHERE
half of a sphere divided into northern and southern hemisphere
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LATITUDE
imaginary line that measure distance N and S called parallels
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LONGITUDE
imaginary line that measures distance east to west called meridians
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GRID SYSTEM
where lines of latitude and longitude meet
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RELITIVE LOCATION
what's nearby
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ATMOSPHERE
the air that surrounds the earth
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HYDROSPHERE
water areas on earth
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LITHOSPHERE
surface areas of the earth
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BIOSPHERE
a part of earth where life existed
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MANTLE
thick middle layer of the Earth's interior structure consisting of hot rock that is dense but flexible
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FOLD
A bend in layers of rock
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FALUT
a break or crack in earths surface
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WEATHERING
chemical and physical processes that break down rocks
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EROSION
cutting away of earths surface
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GLACIER
bodies of ice on earth
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ISTHUMS
piece of land connecting large land masses
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PLATEAU
flat landmass higher than the surrounding land
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CONTINENTAL SHELF
shallow ocean areas near the coast of a continent
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WATER CYCLE
regular movement of water
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EVAPORATION
changing liquid to gas
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CONDESTATION
water vapor turns into liquid then forms clouds
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PERCIPITATION
water condenses, clouds get heavy and releases it
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COLLECTION
water falls into earth and gets collected by 2 bodies of water
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NATURAL RESOURCES
anything made by nature and used by people
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RENEWABLE RESOURCES
anything that can be renewed by people or nature
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NONRENEWABLE RESOURCES
anything that can't be renewed by people or nature
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IMPORTS
when items brought to a country
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EXPORT
anything that leave the country
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AXIS
imaginary line that goes through the center of the earth
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EQUINOX
happens 2 times a year and makes day and night equal (12 hours in night and day)
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SOLSTICE
happens 2 times a year and marks the beginning of summer and winter
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TORNADO
a windstorm that starts on land
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HURRICANE
a windstorm that starts on water
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TSUNAMI
a seawave caused by an undersea earthquake
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POLLUTION
when air, water and land is poison
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STANDARD OF LIVING
the measure of peoples quantity of life
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LOCATION
absolute (latitude and longitude) and relative
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PHYSICAL CHARATERISTICS
anything made by nature
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HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS
anything made by humans
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HUMAN ENVIROMENTAL INTERACTIONS
how humans adopt to the environment
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MOVEMENT
how anything moves
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REGION
the language, culture and religion of people
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MAP SCALE
measurement on a map that shows distance between points
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MAP KEY
explains the symbols on a map
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MAP SYMBOLS
colors, lines, shapes, & symbols that represent information on a map
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COMPASS ROSE
a direction marker on a map
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EQUATOR
imaginary line that divides the earth into northern and southern hemispheres
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NORTH POLE
northern most point on earth (90 degrees north)
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SOUTH POLE
southernmost point on Earth (90 degrees south)
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CARDINAL DIRECTION
North, South, East, West
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INTERMIDATE DIRECTION
northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest
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TROPIC OF CANCER
23.5 degrees North
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TROPIC OF CAPRICORN
23.5 degrees south
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TIME ZONES
divided the world into 24 zones and each zone represent 15 degrees longatiude
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moving east: - 1 hour
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moving west: + 1 hour
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PRIME MERIDIAN
0 degrees longitude, imaginary line that passes through Greenwich England
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INTERNATIONAL DATE LINE
the line of longitude located at 180 degrees in the Pacific Ocean (traveling west + 1 day traveling east - 1 day)
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PHYSICAL MAP
shows physical features on earths surface
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POLITICAL MAP
shows boundaries of countries (they can change bc of wars etc)
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TOPOGRAPHIC MAP
how high or low the land is
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CLIMATE MAPS
shows us longterm weather
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ROAD MAPS
like google maps (shows us where to go, where to turn etc)
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SPECIAL PURPOSE MAPS
shows a single idea about an area
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BAR GRAPHS
shows how highs and lows stand out clearly
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CIRCLE GRAPHS
Uses percentages
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LINE GRAPHS
shows changes in 2 variables
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PICTOGRAPHS
uses pictures to show information
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CHARTS AND TABLES
Information arranged in colloms and rows
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DIAGRAM
drawings that explain something
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VEN DIAGRAM
uses to compare and contrast 2 subjects
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WEBS
diagram showing the main idea and details of a subject
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UNEMPLOYMENT
they want to work but can't find any jobs