Thyroid Disorders & Treatment

Hyperthyroidism

When the thyroid gland sends out too many hormones (consuming too much nutrients & oxygen they become overactive as a result) Smpts: Fast heart/metabolism, constant hunger, rapid weight loss, anxiety/sleep problems

Hyperthyroidism Treatments

Inhibits thyroid production

Hypothyroidism

When the thyroid glands send out few hormones ; cells grow listless & metabolism slows (Smypt) : weight gains, sluggishness, sensitivity to cold, swole joints, depression

Hypothyroidism Treatment

Thyroid Replacement therapy ( Levothyroxine > T4 or Thyroid Desiccated : thyroid hormone made form thyroid animal gland

Diabetes Mellitus

Chronic condition : higher levels of glucose (sugar) in blood disruption off pancreas insulin lead to this condition

Type I Diabetese

Often diagnosed in childhood is an autoimmune condition where pancreas fails to produce insulin. Requires lifelong insulin therapy to manage blood sugar levels

Type II Diabetes

Typically developed in adulthood ; body doesn’t produce enough insulin or a cell becomes resistant to insulins effects ; managed w lifestyle changes, oral meds & sometimes insulin therapy

Biguanides

( Metformin ) Type II Meds : works by reducing glucose production in liver , improving body sensitivity to insulin & decreases intestinal absorption of glucose

Sulfonylureas

( Glipizide, Glyburide ) Stimulate insulin secretion from pancreas helping to lower blood sugar levels

DPP-4I inhibitors

(Sitagliptin) work by locking the enzyme dpp-4 to increase insulin secretion & enhance bodies natural ability to regulate blood sugar levels

Insulin Therapy

Crucial to both type II & I diabetes ; different forms of insulin administered thru injection or pumps. Mimix the bodies natural insulin response providing flexibility & blood sugar control thru out the day

Diabetes Insipidus

Results form low antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Secretion ; leads to increased thirst, urine & high blood sugar

ADH Analogs

Desmopressin : is a synthetic version of ADH designed to mimic the effects of the natural hormone