APUSH Presidents and key facts

George Washington-1789 - 1797

• Hamilton's Financial Plan: 5 parts - Bank of the US, excise tax on whiskey, funding our debts at par, assumption of state debts (which he got by promising to put the nation's capital in the south), and a tariff.

• Whiskey Rebellion-People mad about whiskey tax. Washington put it down. Yay for strong president!!

• Neutrality Proclamation- Prez said no way we're taking sides for GB and France

• Farwell Address- Commercial not political sides

John Adams-1797 - 1801 Federalist

• XYZ Affair- France wanted bribe to talk peace to 3 US delegates

• Alien and Sedition Acts

• Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions-Had poer to determine

• Midnight Judges

Thomas Jefferson 1801 - 1809 Democratic-Republican

• Marbury v. Madison

• Louisiana Purchase

• Chesapeake- Leopold Affair

o Leads to Embargo Act of 1807

• Slave Traded Ended (Slave trade Compromise from Constitution)

• Non-Intercourse Act (Last four days in office)

James Madison 1809 - 1817 Democratic-Republicans

• Macon's Bill #2

• Battle of Tippecanoe

• War of 1812- U.S. and Great Britain caused by American outrage over the impressment of American sailors by the British, the British seizure of American ships, and British aid to the Indians attacking the Americans on the western frontier.

• Hartford Convention

• Henry Clay's "American System" high tariff to support internal improvements such as road-building.

James Monroe 1817-1825 Democratic-Republican

• Adams-Onis Treaty-the treaty gave the US the acquisition of Florida and established a new boundary line between Spanish and US territory.

• Monroe Doctrine (Written by JQA)- A colonization attempt by anyone would be deemed a threat to the United States. It was created by the U.S. to protect the Western Hemisphere.

• Panic of 1819- Allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state, Maine to enter the union as a free state, prohibited slavery north of latitude 36˚ 30' within the Louisiana Territory (1820)

• Missouri Compromise (Compromise of 1820)

• McCullough v. Maryland ((1819) case that established the principle that the federal government was supreme over the state

John Quincy Adams 1825 - 1829 Democratic-Republican

• "Corrupt Bargain" of 1824- Henry Clay, allegedly met with John Quincy Adams before the House election to break a deadlock. Adams was elected president against the popular vote and Clay was named Secretary of State.

• "Tariff of Abominations" The bill favored western agricultural interests by raising tariffs or import taxes on imported hemp, wool, fur, flax, and liquor, thus favoring Northern manufacturers. In the South, these tariffs raised the cost of manufactured goods, thus angering them and causing more sectionalist feelings.

• Gibbons v. Ogden (Interstate trade)

Andrew Jackson 1829 - 1837 Democrat

• The Liberator begins publication

• Nat Turner's Rebellion

• Nullification Crisis

• Compromise Tariff of 1833 ( A result of Henry Clay's efforts to soothe South Carolina's qualms about the Tariff of Abominations. It caused South Carolina to withdraw the ordinance nullifying the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832. Both protectionists and anti-protectionists accepted this compromise.

• BUS veto

• "Pet" Banks

• "Trail of Tears"

• Cherokee Nation v. Georgia

• Worcester v. Georgia

• Texas achieves independence

Martin Van Buren Democratic 1837 - 1841

• Panic of 1837 (Caused in part by, "Pet Banks"

James K. Polk 1845 - 1849 Democrat

• COIL

• Mexican-American War

o "Spot" Resolutions

• **Manifest Destiny**

• Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

• Wilmot Proviso

Millard Filmore (Taylor dies early in office) 1850 - 1853 Whig

• Compromise of 1850 (Henry Clay!)

o Popular Sovereignty in Mexican Session

o Fugitive Slave Law

o Abolition of slave trade in DC

o CA admitted as a free state

o TX boundary dispute settled

Franklin Pierce 1853 - 1857 Democratic

• Gadsden Purchase

• Matthew Perry opens Japan

• Uncle Tom's Cabin

• Kansas-Nebraska Act-Pop sovereignty

• "Bleeding Kansas"

James Buchanan 1857 - 1861 Democrat

• Dred Scott v. Sanford

• Harpers Ferry

• Secession of states after Lincoln wins in 1860

Abraham Lincoln 1861 - 1865 Republican

• Homestead Act- gave land

• Emancipation Proclamation (Only freed slaves in REBELLING states)

• Gettysburg Address

Andrew Johnson 1865 - 1869 Democrat

• 13th amendment- End Slavery

• 14th amendment- Civil rights to ex-slaves

• 15th amendment- Sufferage to blacks

• Reconstruction Begins- Radical Republican

• KKK

• Impeachment of Johnson (Tenure of Office Act)

Ulysses S. Grant 1869 - 1877 Republican

• Credit Mobilier Scandal

• "Bloody Shirt"

• Scandal and Corruption

Rutherford B. Hayes 1877 - 1881 Republican

• Compromise of 1877-Ends Reconstruction

• Growth of Big Business

James A. Garfield and Chester A. Arthur 1881 - 1885

• Pendleton Civil Service Act

Key Events/Terms you MUST know between 1886 - 1897 (Era of "Forgettable Presidents)

Haymarket Square Bombing

• Interstate Commerce Commission

• Dawes Severalty Act

• Sherman Anti-Trust Act

• End of the Frontier (Census of 1890)

• Populist Movement

• McKinley Tariff

• Plessy v. Ferguson

William McKinley 1897 - 1901 Republican

• Spanish-American War

o De Lome Letter

o USS Maine

• Open Door Policy

Theodore Roosevelt 1901 - 1909 Republican

• Northern Securities and decision

• Anthracite Coal Strike

• Panama Canal

• Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine

• Muckrakers

• Progressive Era

• The Jungle, Shame of Cities, etc.

• Jane Addams

• Pure Food and Drug Act, Meat Inspection Act, Hepburn Act

• Conservation

• Panic of 1907

William Howard Taft 1909 - 1913 Republican

• Dollar Diplomacy

Woodrow Wilson 1913 - 1921 Democrat

• Underwood Tariff (Remember, Wilson's a Democrat)

• 16th amendment- Income tax established.

• Federal Reserve Act

• WWI Begins

• **Clayton Anti-trust Act (1914)**- the first Federal law outlawing practices considered harmful to consumers (monopolies, cartels, and trusts).

• Birth of a Nation

• Schenck v. US

• Treaty of Versailles

o Article X

• 18th amendment- Prohibition; forbade the sale and manufacture of intoxicating liquors.

• Red Scare

• Red Summer

• 19th Amendment-Woman suffrage

Warren G Harding 1921 - 1923 Republican

• Return to Normalcy

• Teapot Dome Scandal

• Scandal and Corruption

• Sacco and Vanzetti

President: Calvin Coolidge

Years Served: 1923 - 1929

Political Party: Republican

• Dawes Plan

• John T. Scopes Trial

• National Origins Act

• Lindbergh crosses the Atlantic

President: Herbie Hoover

Years Served: 1929 - 1933

Political Party: Republican

• Stock Market Crash

• Hoovervilles

• Hawley-Smoot Tariff (Remember, he's a Republican)

President: Franklin Delano Roosevelt

Years Served: 1933 - 1945

Political Party: Democrat

• Bank Holiday

• New Deal

o AAA, CCC, WPA, PWA, FDIC, TVA, Social Security Act

• Wagner Act

• 21st amendment

• Cash and Carry

• Lend-Lease

• Pearl Harbor

• Korematsu v. US

• Yalta Conference

President: Harry S Truman

Years Served: 1945 - 1953

Political Party: Democrat

• Taft Hartley Act

• Containment (George F. Kennan)

o Truman Doctrine (Greece and Turkey!)

o Marshall Plan

• Desegregation of Military (1948)

• Berlin Airlift

• NATO

• 22nd amendment

• Korean War

President: Dwight D. Eisenhower (Ike)

Years Served: 1953 - 1961

Political Party: Republican

• Brown v. Board

• Dien Bien Phu falls (1954)

• Montgomery Bus Boycott

• Little Rock Nine

• Sputnik

• Eisenhower Doctrine

• U2 Spyplane

• Sit-in (Greensboro, NC)

President: JFK

Years Served: 1961 - 1963

Political Party: Democrat

• Berlin Wall

• Bay of Pigs

• Cuban Missile Crisis

• Rachel Carson's Silent Spring

• Betty Friedan's Feminine Mystique

• New Frontier

President: Andrew Johnson

Years Served: 1963 - 1969

Political Party: Democrat

• 24th Amendment

• Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

• The Great Society

o Medicare

o Medicaid

• Civil Rights Act of 1964

• Voting Rights Act of 1965

• Robert McNamara

• Tet Offensive

President: Richard Milhous Nixon

Years Served: 1969 - 1974

Political Party: Republican

• Vietnamization

• Cambodia

• Kent State Massacre

• Détente

• Nixon Travels to China

• Watergate

• Equal Rights Amendment (Failed to pass enough states)

• Roe v. Wade

President: Gerald Ford

Years Served: Republican

Political Party: 1974 - 1977

Key Events/Terms you MUST know:

• Pardon of Nixon

President: Jimmy Carter

Years Served: 1977 - 1981

Political Party: Democrat

• Camp David Accords (WOW IS THIS IMPORTANT)

• Iran Hostage Crisis

President: Ronald Reagan

Years Served: 1981 - 1989

Political Party: Republican

• Reaganomics

• Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)

• Iran Contra Scandal

• "Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall"