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Proton? Where is it located?
Positive, located in the nucleus.
Neutron? Where is it located
Neutral charge. Located in the nucleus.
Electron? Where is it located?
Negative charge. Located in the orbital shells.
What determines whether or not an atom is reactive and will interact with another atom?
If the valence shell is not full, it will not be active; it is stable. I.e. Noble gases
If an atom has a equal number of protons and electrons we can call this type of atom an…
Ion
If an ion has an unequal number of protons than electrons, this ion would be blank charge, and would be called an…
Positive charged. Cation.
If an ion has a greater number of electrons than protons, this ion would be blank charged, and would be called an….
Negative charged. Anion.
When it comes to reactivity and creating bonds with other atoms, which atomic particle is most important?
Electrons, because it is in the orbital shells.
What is the number of electrons of an atom with six protons?
Six electrons.
If an atom has four protons four electrons and five neutrons, what is the atomic number of the atom?
Four.
Describe the difference between electrons involved in ionic versus a covalent bond.
Covalent; sharing of electrons; polar/nonpolar. Ionic; taken an electrons gain or lose solo, become more stable.
Which bond would dissociate in a water environment?
Ionic. Because it treats charged ions.
Water is called the universal blank. It can dissolve in anything with a charge if you had a sodium chloride crystal (salt), you would term the salts, a blank. A blank place any blank will now create a blank.
Solvent. Solute. Solvent. Solution.
In this situation, water molecules would form, blank spheres around ions causes the salt crystals to dissolve.
Hydration.
Which portion of the water molecule would be facing the chloride ion?
Hydrogen.
Which portion of the water molecule will be facing the sodium ion?
Oxygen.
If a substance dissolves in water, it said to be blank
Hydrophilic.
If a substance does not dissolve in water, such as fats, it said to be blank
Hydrophobic.
Water has several properties that make it a key molecule for support life as we know it. One of these properties is thermal stability, thermal stability results and water had high heat capacity. What does this mean?
Because of the hydration bonds, the bond between molecules is ponded so strongly together, which makes heat stable.
pH is measured in the amount of free blank and a solution.
Hydrogen ions.
The pH scale extends from blank to blank, with a neutral solution designated to the scale, as having a pH of blank.
Extends from 0 to 14. Designated solution pH of seven.
The pH of blood is normally blank.
7.35 - 7.45
What is metabolism?
The sum of all chemical reactions within the body.
What charge does anabolic have?
Negative charge.
Carbohydrates have C, H, O, in ratio of what?
One; two; one.
Polysaccharides come in three major forms. What are they?
Glycogen starch, and cellulose.
Polysaccharides are converted to monosaccharides you know what type of chemical reaction?
Synthesis.
What charge does catabolic?
Positive charge.
Polysaccharide are converted to monosaccharides. What type of chemical reaction?
Decomposition.
What type of lipids make up the majority of cell membrane?
Phospholipid
Which portion of the molecule listed above is hydrophilic? Which is Hydrophobic?
Phosphate is hydrophilic. Fatty acid is hydrophilic.
What is the difference between one amino acid and another?
The R group, or side group.
Describe the difference between a proteins Primary secondary tertiary, quandary structures.
Primary; alpha structure. Secondary; beta structure. Tertiary; Functional structure. – A+ B structures together.
Which nucleotide par with each other to form DNA molecule.
A pairs with T; G pairs with C
Which nucleotides pair with each other to form an RNA molecule?
A pairs with U. G paris with C
What is the difference between the structure of DNA molecule in a structure of RNA molecule?
Adenine triphosphate Three phosphates, one ribose.
What is a molecule typically used for in your body?
Energy storage.
Buffer
Substance that minimizes a change in pH after an acid or base added.
The Bicarbonate Buffer System Example
CO2 + H2O → H2CO3 → HCO3- + H+
Note
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