232 inflammation

Which of the following is a first-line defense mechanism of the body?
A. Inflammation
B. Skin
C. Leukocytes
D. Prostaglandins

Skin

What is the goal of the inflammatory response?
A. Eliminate white blood cells
B. Promote infection
C. Limit tissue damage
D. Stimulate antibody production

limit tissue damage

A patient presents with redness and swelling after an injury. This is an example of which cardinal signs of inflammation?
A. Heat and pain
B. Redness and loss of function
C. Erythema and swelling
D. Swelling and fever

erythema and swelling

Which exudate type is characterized as thin and clear?
A. Sanguineous
B. Serosanguineous
C. Serous
D. Purulent

serous

Which laboratory test is most specific for inflammation?
A. Hematocrit
B. ESR
C. CRP
D. Platelet count

CRP

Chronic inflammation is most likely to develop when:
A. Inflammation resolves quickly
B. Acute inflammation is ineffective
C. A minor cut occurs
D. The injury is superficial

acute inflammation is ineffective

Which is a systemic manifestation of inflammation?
A. Pain
B. Heat
C. Fever
D. Swelling

fever

Proteinases can be harmful during inflammation because they:
A. Promote platelet aggregation
B. Stimulate collagen formation
C. Destroy healthy tissue
D. Regulate immune response

destroy healthy tissue

What is the function of fibroblasts during wound healing?
A. Generate antibodies
B. Develop scar tissue
C. Cause infection
D. Reduce inflammation

develop scar tissue

Which drug is classified as a corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation?
A. Ibuprofen
B. Naproxen
C. Prednisone
D. Acetaminophen

prednisone

A patient on corticosteroids is at increased risk for:
A. Improved wound healing
B. Hyperglycemia
C. Increased immunity
D. Hypotension

hyperglycemia

What should a nurse advise a patient taking inhaled corticosteroids?
A. Take at bedtime
B. Double the dose if missed
C. Rinse mouth after use
D. Take on an empty stomach

rinse mouth after use

NSAIDs exert their anti-inflammatory effects by:
A. Blocking histamine
B. Inhibiting COX enzymes
C. Activating leukotrienes
D. Promoting cytokines

inhibiting COX enzymes

Which COX enzyme is more involved in the inflammatory process?
A. COX-1
B. COX-2
C. COX-3
D. All COX enzymes

COX 2

Which type of healing occurs when wound edges are well approximated?
A. Primary intention
B. Secondary intention
C. Tertiary intention
D. Delayed healing

primary intention

What wound complication is described as partial or total separation of wound layers?
A. Infection
B. Dehiscence
C. Evisceration
D. Abscess

dehiscence

Which patient is most at risk for poor wound healing?
A. A teenager
B. A healthy adult
C. A diabetic patient
D. A patient on vitamin C

a diabetic patient

What phase of wound healing is characterized by macrophage activity and granulation tissue formation?
A. Inflammatory phase
B. Proliferation phase
C. Remodeling phase
D. Hemostasis phase

proliferation

Keloid scars differ from hypertrophic scars in that they:
A. Stay within wound borders
B. Flatten over time
C. Extend beyond wound borders
D. Are pale in appearance

extend beyond wound borders

Which drug is contraindicated in patients with a serious fungal infection?
A. Prednisone
B. Ibuprofen
C. Acetaminophen
D. Diphenhydramine

prednisone

A patient receiving NSAIDs should be monitored for:
A. Hypertension
B. Bradycardia
C. GI bleeding
D. Seizures

GI bleeding

What is a typical adverse effect of long-term corticosteroid use?
A. Anemia
B. Fragile skin
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Weight loss

fragile skin

What patient teaching should be provided for oral corticosteroids?
A. Stop immediately if symptoms resolve
B. Take in the evening
C. Take with food or milk
D. Avoid potassium-rich foods

take with food or milk

Which of the following is a non-pharmacological treatment for inflammation?
A. Steroids
B. NSAIDs
C. Antibiotics
D. Ice

Ice

What type of exudate indicates infection?
A. Serous
B. Serosanguineous
C. Purulent
D. Sanguineous

purulent

Which of the following best describes tertiary intention healing?
A. Wound edges are approximated immediately
B. Wound heals from bottom up
C. Wound is intentionally left open
D. Wound heals with no scar

wound is intentionally left open

What phase of wound healing may last up to two years?
A. Inflammatory
B. Proliferation
C. Remodeling
D. Hemostasis

remodeling

Which vitamin is most essential for collagen synthesis in wound healing?
A. A
B. B6
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin D

vitamin C

Which condition contributes to loss of perfusion-related injury?
A. Allergy
B. Ulcer
C. Fungal infection
D. Dermatitis

Ulcer

Which of the following is considered a lesion?
A. Cellulitis
B. Seborrheic keratosis
C. Sunburn
D. Dermatitis

seborrheic keratosis

What teaching is most important for a patient prescribed methylprednisolone IV?
A. Take on an empty stomach
B. Avoid salt substitutes
C. Monitor for weight gain
D. Administer via intradermal route

monitor for weight gain

What is a possible result of dysfunctional collagen synthesis?
A. Erythema
B. Keloid formation
C. Maceration
D. Leukocytosis

keloid formation

What is the most common IV corticosteroid?
A. Prednisone
B. Methylprednisolone
C. Dexamethasone
D. Hydrocortisone

methylprednisolone

What effect does prednisone have on blood glucose?
A. Decreases
B. Stabilizes
C. Increases
D. No effect

increases

Which lab value would you expect to be elevated in a patient with systemic inflammation?
A. Hemoglobin
B. Hematocrit
C. CRP
D. Platelets

CRP

What is the role of interleukin in inflammation?
A. Promote tissue growth
B. Reduce antibody production
C. Induce fever
D. Activate platelets

induce fever

Which of the following is a contraindication for NSAID use?
A. Asthma
B. Peptic ulcer disease
C. Hypertension
D. Hypothyroidism

peptic ulcer disease

Which phase of wound healing involves the formation of a scab and temporary matrix?
A. Hemostasis
B. Remodeling
C. Maturation
D. Proliferation

hemostasis

Which patient behavior suggests understanding of corticosteroid therapy?
A. “I will take my pills on an empty stomach.”
B. “I will stop taking them once I feel better.”
C. “I will rinse my mouth after inhaling the medication.”
D. “I will take a double dose if I miss one.”

i will rinse my mouth after inhaling the medication

What does the acronym RICE stand for in non-pharmacological treatment of inflammation?
A. Rest, Ice, Compress, Elevate
B. Rub, Ice, Compress, Elevate
C. Rest, Irrigate, Cover, Elevate
D. Rest, Ice, Cleanse, Elevate

rest, ice, compress, elevate