Chapter 8 The Cell Cycle & Mitosis

What are three purposes of mitosis?

1)reproduction (uni-c)

2)growth and development (multi-c)

3)tissue renewal(multi-c)

What is binary fission?

asexual reproduction, in bacteria, "division in half"

What are the three stages of the cell cycle?

1. Interphase

2. Mitosis

3. Cytokinesis

What is the longest stage of the cell cycle?

Interphase (90% of cell life)

In what phase of the cell cycle does the cell grow?

interphase (during all 3 steps)

In what phase of the cell cycle does the nucleus divide?

Mitosis

In what phase of the cell cycle does do the chromosomes replicate?

Interphase S

In what phase of the cell cycle does the cell divide?

Cytokinesis

In what phase of the cell cycle are the chromosomes copied?

Interphase

In what phase of the cell cycle are the chromosomes "spaghetti-like"?

interphase

What are the three steps of interphase?

G1, S, G2

In which phase(s) of interphase do the chromosomes replicate?

interphase S

In which phase(s) of interphase does growth happen?

all phases

Be able to label the parts of a chromsome during mitosis: centromere region, kinetochore, kinetochore spindle fibers, and sister chromatids.

What are sister chromatids?

2 identical copies of DNA held together by a centromere

What is the function of centriole pairs?

anchor & winch

What is the function of the spindle fibers?

Move chromosomes during mitosis

What two structures do the spindle fibers attach to?

Centrioles & kinetochores

What are the phases of mitosis?

prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Be able to identify the phases of mitosis from a picture

In which phase of cell cycle are the chromosomes relaxes (and are known as chromatin)?

interphase

In which phase of mitosis do chromosomes condense?

prophase

Which phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope begin to break down?

prophase

Which phase of mitosis do the spindle fibers form at the centriole pairs?

prophase

Which phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope completely disappear?

prometaphase

Which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes begin to move towards the center?

prometaphase

Which phase of mitosis are the chromosomes at the center?

metaphase

What is the metaphse plate?

the gathering of the chromosomes in a perfect line at the exact center of the

Which phase of mitosis are the centriole pairs at 180*

metaphase

Which phase of mitosis do the spindle fibers attach to the kinetochore?

metaphase

Whih phase of mitosis do the centromeres split?

anaphase

Which phase of mitosis do the sister chromatids begin to be pulled apart?

anaphase

What are daughter chromosomes?

a chromosome that results from the separation of the sister chromatids

In which phases of mitosiss is the constriction of spindle fibers happening?

anaphase

Which phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope reapper?

telophase

Which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes uncoil?

telophase

Whih phase of mitosis do the spindle fibers disappear?

telophase

What is cytokinesis?

division of the cytosol

What is the difference between a cleavage furrow and a cell plate?

1) cleavage furrow- animals(phospholipid bilayer squeezes together and eventually pinches off)

2) cell plate=plants (because of cell wall)

actual pictures of the phases of mitosis