chemical tests

Hydrogen test/result

• lit splint

• explodes with squeaky pop

Lithium test, result + ion

• dip wire loop in conc. HCl and then into solid compound, place in bunsen

• red flame

• Li²⁺

Iron (II) test/result

• sodium hydroxide (aq) (OH^-)

• green ppt Fe(OH)₂

• _Fe²⁺

iodide test/result + ion

• dilute nitric acid then silver nitrate

• yellow ppt AgI

• I^-

carbonate test/result + ion

• add acid

• bubbles of gas (co2)

• CO₃^2-

alkenes 

• test 

• result

• bromine water

• orange to colourless

Oxygen 

• test 

• result

• glowing splint 

• relights

bromine test, result + ion

• dilute nitic acid then silver nitrate

• cream ppt AgBr

• Br^-

ammonia 

• test 

• result

• formula

• damp red litmus paper

• to blue

• NH₃

chlorine

• test 

• result

• damp blue litmus paper

• bleached

chloride test, result + ion

• dilute nitric acid then silver nitrate

• white ppt AgCl

• Cl^-

water 

• anhydrous copper (II) sulfate

• white to blue

calcium test/result + ion

• dip wire loop in conc. HCl and then into solid compound, place in bunsen

• orange - red flame

• Ca²⁺

copper test,result + ion

• dip wire loop in conc. HCl and then into solid compound, place in bunsen

• Blue/green flame

  OR

• sodium hydroxide

• blue ppt Cu(OH)₂

• Cu²⁺

Iron (III) test/result + ion

• sodium hydroxide

• brown ppt Fe(OH)₃

• Fe³⁺

sulphate test, result + ion

• dilute HCl then barium chloride

• white ppt BaSO₄

• SO₄^2-

Sodium test, result + ion 

• dip wire loop in conc. HCl and then into solid compound, place in bunsen

• orange/yellow

• Na ⁺

Potassium test, result + ion

• dip wire loop in conc. HCl and then into solid compound, place in bunsen

• lilac flame 

• K⁺

carbon dioxide 

• bubble through limewater

• colourless to cloudy

ammonium test, result + ion

• sodium hydroxide and warm

• bubbles of gas

• (turns damp red litmus paper blue)

• NH₄⁺