Chapter 5

Adipose -

fat

Androgen -

Any substance that promotes masculine characteristics

Dorsal -

back

Ductule -

small duct

Homeostasis -

relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that organisms maintain.

Hypodermis -

Subcutaneous tissue

Integument -

skin

Epidermis -

the outermost covering of the skin (integumentary system).

Dermis -

the inner (interior) primary layer of the skin; composed of tissue.

Subcutaneous tissue -

Tissue, largely fat, that lies directly under the dermis and serves as an insulator of the body.

Strata -

layers of epidermis

Keratin -

a protein that makes up hair and nails

Melanin -

produced by melanocytes/determines skin color

Albino -

individual who cannot produce melanin

Sudoriferous glands -

Sweat Glands

Sebaceous glands -

Oil glands, where is Sebum Produced

Sebum -

oily secretions

Papilla -

surrounding hair follicle

Alopecia -

Baldness

Lunula -

The white area at the base of the nail that is half moon shaped is the

Aden/o -

gland

Adip/o -

fat

Lip/o -

fat

Steat/o -

fat

Crypt/o -

hidden

Cutane/o -

skin

Dermat/o -

skin

Derm/o -

skin

Hidr/o -

sweat

Sudor/o -

sweat

Ichthy/o -

dry, scaly

Kerat/o -

horny tissue; hard; cornea

Melan/o -

black

Myc/o -

fungus

Onych/o -

nail

Ungu/o -

nail

Pil/o -

hair

Trich/o -

hair

Scler/o -

hardening; white of eye

Seb/o -

sebum, sebaceous

Squam/o -

scale

Xen/o -

foreign, strange

Ser/o -

serum

Anthrac/o -

coal, coal dust

Leuk/o -

white

Albin/o -

white

Erythr/o -

red

Rube/o -

red

Cyan/o -

blue

Lip/o -

fat

Adip/o -

fat

Xanth/o -

yellow

-cyte -

cell

-derma -

skin

-losgist -

specialist in the study of

-logy -

study of

-therapy -

treatment

-gram -

record, writing

-graph -

instrument used for recording

-graphy -

process of recording

-oma -

tumor

-rrhea -

discharge, flow

an -

without

dia -

through, across

epi -

above, upon

intra -

in, within

homo -

same

hyper -

excessive, above normal

sub -

under, below

hypo -

under, below

Onychomycosis

abnormal condition of fungus in the nail

Cicatrix

Scar

Dermatologist -

specialist in the study of skin

Primary skin lesion -

flat or elevated

Macule -

flat, less than 1 cm in diameter; ex. freckle, flat mole, or rash

Papule -

solid, elevated, less than 1 cm in diameter; ex. wart, pimple, eczema

Nodule -

solid, elevated, palpable, larger than papule; ex. tumor

Tumor -

solid, elevated larger than 2 cm and into dermal and subcutaneous; ex. lipoma, hemangioma

Wheal -

solid, elevated with localized skin edema, itching; ex. hives, insect bites, urticaria

Vesicle -

elevated, fluid filled less than 0.5 cm; ex. poison ivy, shingles, chickenpox

Pustule -

elevated, fluid filled with pus, less than 1 cm; ex. acne, furuncle, pustular psoriasis, scabies

Bulla -

elevated, fluid filled vesicle or blister larger than 1 cm; ex. 2nd degree burn, poison oak, poison ivy

Secondary skin lesions -

depressed lesion caused by loss of skin surface

Excoriations -

linear scratch marks; ex. scratches, abrasions, chemical burns

Fissure -

small slit or crack that goes into dermal layer; ex. inflammation, dry skin

Ulcer -

open sore that extends to the dermis; ex. pressure ulcer, basal cell carcinoma

First-degree burn -

red skin, superficial (epidermis) ex. sunburn, chemical burn

Second-degree burn -

blisters, partial thickness (epidermis and part of the dermis)

Third-degree burn -

charring, full thickness (epidermis and dermis are destroyed and skin grafting is commonly required)

hyperesthesia

sensitivity to sensory stimuli

erythema

skin redness

dermatoplasty

skin grafting

Benign -

noncancerous

Malignant -

cancerous

Metastasis -

spreading

Grade 1 Tumor -

close resemblance to tissue of origin, retains some function - good prognosis

Grade 2 Tumor -

more variation in size and shape, increased replication

Grade 3 Tumor -

only remote resemblance, greatly increased replication, extreme variation in size and shape

Grade 4 Tumor -

poorly differentiated, rapid growth, cells spread to surrounding tissues - poor prognosis

TNM -

Tumor-Node-Metastasis