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Electronics
The branch of physics and engineering that deals with the emission, behavior, and effects of electrons.
Voltage
The electrical potential difference between two points in a circuit.
Current
The flow of electric charge in a circuit, measured in amperes (A).
Circuit Diagrams
Visual representations of an electrical circuit showing the components and their connections.
Driver
A component that controls a load in an electronic circuit, often used to drive motors.
Stepper Motor
A type of motor that divides a full rotation into a large number of steps and moves in precise increments.
Thermal Shutdown
A safety feature in electronic devices that disconnects or turns off the device when it overheats.
High Impedance State
A state in which a circuit is effectively disconnected and does not conduct current.
Power Supply
A device that supplies electrical energy to an electrical load.
Microcontroller
A compact integrated circuit designed to govern a specific operation in an embedded system.
PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)
A technique for controlling the power delivered to electrical devices by using a digital signal.
DC Motor Control
Methods used to control the speed and direction of a direct current motor.
Bipolar Stepper Motor
A type of stepper motor that has two coils and two different polarities.
Load Current
The current that a circuit draws when in operation.
Functions Table
A table that describes the behaviors of a circuit based on various inputs.
Schematic Diagram
A graphical representation of an electrical circuit showing the connections between components.
Heatsink
A device that dissipates heat from electrical components to protect against overheating.
Circuit Protection
Measures and devices (e.g., fuses, circuit breakers) used to prevent overload and short circuits.
Pin Configuration
The arrangement of pins in a component and their respective functions in a circuit.
Noise Filter
An electrical filter that reduces electrical noise from signals in a circuit.
Relay
An electrically operated switch that allows one circuit to control another circuit.