ARTICLE 2

Legislative

from latin word “lex” legis which mean power to erect and to make law, it includes congress in which we have 250 - 316.

lower house

house of representatives (congressman)

upper house

the house of senate

Executive

from the latin word “exsequie” which means to “carry out”, power to implement and execute law

Executive

in this branch includes the president, mayos, governor, etc.

president

he can’t make law without the cabinet or representative

Judicial

“judex” The one who interpret law, it includes the Judge in supreme court, municipal court, judicial court

Presidential form of Department

the president should be the highest concept of democracy

Seperation of power

branches has different function

Republic

we have a freedom to vote

Article 2, Section 1

The Philippines is a democratic and republican State. Sovereignty resides in the people and all government authority emanates from them.

State Elements

Territory Power

People Power

Government Power

Inherent power of the Government

Police Power

Taxation Power

Eminent Domain Power

Police Power

Enact and Implement law

Taxation Power

To collect taxes in order to repay expenditures

Eminent Domain Power

To take private properties to turned into public place

Sovereignty

the power is in the people

Article 2, Section 2

The Philippines renounces war as an instrument of national policy, adopts the generally accepted principles of international law as part of the law of the land and adheres to the policy of peace, equality, justice, freedom, cooperation, and amity with all nations.

Article 2, Section 3

Civilian authority is, at all times, supreme over the military. The Armed Forces of the Philippines is the protector of the people and the State. Its goal is to secure the sovereignty of the State and the integrity of the national territory.

Article 2, section 4

The prime duty of the Government is to serve and protect the people. The Government may call upon the people to defend the State and, in the fulfillment thereof, all citizens may be required, under conditions provided by law, to render personal, military or civil service.

Article 2, Section 5

The maintenance of peace and order, the protection of life, liberty, and property, and promotion of the general welfare are essential for the enjoyment by all the people of the blessings of democracy.

Article 2, Section 6

The separation of Church and State shall be inviolable.

Article 2, Section 7

The State shall pursue an independent foreign policy. In its relations with other states, the paramount consideration shall be national sovereignty, territorial integrity, national interest, and the right to self-determination.

Article 2, Section 8

The Philippines, consistent with the national interest, adopts and pursues a policy of freedom from nuclear weapons in its territory.

Bill of Rights

declaration and enumeration of people right and privileged to protect against the violation of government and an individual.

Natural Rights

Those possessed by every citizen without being granted by the State for they are given to man by God as human being created to His image that he may live a happy life.

Constitutional Rights

conferred and protected by the Constitution

Statutory Rights

provided by law, promulgated by the law-making body and consequently may be abolished by the same body.

plebiscite

right to refuse and amended

Political Rights

The power to participate, directly or indirectly in the establishment or administration of the government.

Civil Rights

A law which secures private individuals for the purpose of securing enjoyment of their means of happiness.

Social and Economic Rights

Intended to insure the well-being and economic security of an individual.

Rights of the Accused

Intended for the protection of a person accused of any crime