4.1 engineered ecosystems and modern agriculture

Engineered Ecosystems

Ecosystems that are managed and modified by humans, often involving non-native species and monoculture practices.

Natural Ecosystems

Ecosystems that exist without significant human interference, maintaining a natural balance of biotic and abiotic factors.

Abiotic Characteristics

Non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment, such as soil, water, and climate.

Biotic Characteristics

Living components of an ecosystem, including plants, animals, and microorganisms.

Sustainability

The ability to maintain ecological balance by avoiding the disruption of essential abiotic and biotic conditions.

Monoculture

The agricultural practice of growing a single crop over a wide area for many consecutive years.

Biodiversity

The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat, a key factor for a stable ecosystem.

Nutrient Cycles

The circulation of nutrients in various forms from the environment to organisms and then back to the environment.

Exotic Species

Non-native species that have been introduced to an ecosystem, often replacing native species.

Agroecosystems

Complexes of farmed land and the organisms that interact with agricultural practices.

Pest Management

Strategies used by farmers to control pests, which can include chemical pesticides, biological controls, and integrated pest management.

Soil Composition

The blend of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support life in the soil.

Recreational Activities

Activities such as hiking, boating, or swimming that utilize natural resources for enjoyment.