Computer networks 3

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Last updated 8:32 PM on 3/24/26
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32 Terms

1
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Message Encoding

The process of converting information into another acceptable form for transmission. / Процесс кодирования информации в формат для передачи.

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Message Encapsulation

The process of placing one message format inside another. / Размещение одного формата сообщения внутри другого (упаковка/инкапсуляция).

3
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Unicast

A one

4
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Multicast

A one

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Broadcast

A one

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TCP/IP Model

A 4

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OSI Model

A 7

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OSI Layer 7 (Application)

Contains protocols for process

9
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OSI Layer 6 (Presentation)

Provides common representation and encryption of data (JPEG). / Уровень представления (форматирование и шифрование данных).

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OSI Layer 5 (Session)

Organizes and manages the dialogue between devices. / Сеансовый уровень (управление сеансами связи).

11
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OSI Layer 4 (Transport)

Segments, transfers, and reassembles data (TCP, UDP, Port numbers). / Транспортный уровень (нарезка на сегменты, порты).

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OSI Layer 3 (Network)

Exchanges data over the network (IP addresses, Routers). / Сетевой уровень (маршрутизация, IP

13
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OSI Layer 2 (Data Link)

Exchanges frames between devices over common media (MAC addresses, Switches). / Канальный уровень (доставка внутри одной сети, MAC

14
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OSI Layer 1 (Physical)

Mechanical and electrical means to transmit bits. / Физический уровень (кабели, сигналы, биты).

15
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PDU (Protocol Data Unit)

The form that a piece of data takes at any layer. / Название порции данных на конкретном уровне протокола.

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Data

PDU at the Application layer. / Данные на уровне приложения.

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Segment

PDU at the Transport layer. / PDU транспортного уровня (с портами).

18
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Packet

PDU at the Network layer. / PDU сетевого уровня (с IP

19
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Frame

PDU at the Data Link layer. / PDU канального уровня (с MAC

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Bits

PDU at the Physical layer. / PDU физического уровня (0 и 1).

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Physical Address (MAC)

48

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Logical Address (IP)

32

23
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Subnet Mask

Used to determine the network portion of an IPv4 address. / Маска подсети, определяет где адрес сети, а где адрес хоста.

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Default Gateway

The router interface IP address used to reach remote networks. / IP

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ISOC (Internet Society)

Promotes open development and evolution of Internet use. / Общество интернета, продвигает его свободное развитие.

26
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IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)

Develops and maintains Internet and TCP/IP technologies. / Разрабатывает стандарты интернета и TCP/IP.

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IEEE

Creates standards in power, energy, and networking (802.3 Ethernet, 802.11 Wi

28
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EIA / TIA

Standards for physical cabling, RJ

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ICANN / IANA

Coordinates IP address allocation and domain names. / Распределение IP

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Wireshark

A popular software protocol analyzer (packet sniffer). / Программа для анализа сетевого трафика.

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Promiscuous Mode

Allows a NIC to capture all network traffic, not just its own. / Режим для перехвата чужих пакетов в локальной сети.

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OUI (Organizationally Unique Identifier)

The first 24 bits of a MAC address identifying the vendor. / Первые 24 бита MAC

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