1960s History Test

March on Washington

• largest civil rights demonstration ever - over 200,000 people

• MLK gives his “I Have A Dream” speech

Freedom Rides

CORE organized these throughout the south in attempt to desegregate interstate public bus travel

Selma March

MLK organizes a protest march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama for African American voting rights

Medicare

provides health insurance for elderly citizens and people with disabilities

-added to social security

Civil Rights Act of 1964

President Lyndon B Johnson signsit, giving the federal government far-reaching powers to prosecute discrimination in employment, voting, and education

19th Amendment

guarantees all women to right to vote - August 18th, 1920

Johnny Wilkes Booth

man who assassinated Abraham Lincoln in Ford Theater in 1865 - he was a Confederate sympathizer

Lee Harvey Oswald

• killed John F. Kennedy

  • he was killed by Jack Ruby before he could be interviewed or presecuted

Martin Luther King Jr.

• civil rights activist

• major leader

• believed in peaceful protests

• assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee in 1967

Malcom X

• civil rights activist

• believed in violent protests

• assassinated in New York one year after splitting from the Nation of Islam

Bay of Pig

The CIA training Cuban exiles in combat and gave them weapons, when they launched their invasion, Castro was waiting for them and killed or captured all of them

Cuban Missile Crisis

american discovered atomic bombs in Cuba pointing at the U.S., JFK blockaded Cuba, had info that would embarrass the USSR, and used diplomacy

Peace Corps

sends college-educated volunteers to help poor areas of the world

-started in 1961 by John F. Kennedy

Lyndon B. Johnson

became president after JFK assasination, started “Great Society” - Healthcare reform, civil rights, “war on Poverty”, support for education

Richard Nixon

Republican who won the 1968 presidential election; he promised to restore law and order, end Vietnam War

Race Riots

40 African Americans and 8 whites killed in r Illinois due to the white people being angered by African Americans working in war time industries

Domino Theory

belief that if 1 nation went communist, others would too

-coined by Eisenhower

SDS

Students for Democratic Society - fought for civil rights and Vietnam war and draft

CORE

Congress of Racial Equality

SNCC

Student Nonviolent Coordination Committee

Agent Orange

leaf killing toxic chemicals

-used in jungle fighting

Napalm

gasoline based bombing sets fire to jungle

-used in jungle fighting

Ho Chi Minh

communist leader in North Vietnam

Mao Zedong

Chinese politician that helped overthrow Chinese government and make it communist

Doves

people who opposed the war

Hawks

people who were pro-war

Viet Minh

group led by Ho Chi Minh who retook North Vietnam from France

Viet Kong

communist rebels in the south, attacked Diems government in the south

Woodstock

music festival in New York/Pennsylvania, defining the counterculture movement

Space Race

• happened during the Cold war and it was between the Soviet Union and the U.S.

• Soviets launched a satellite and person into space first with the U.S. following shortly after

  • However, the U.S. got the first man to the moon

The Great Society

programs focused on helping society and the environment

• health care reform

• civil rights

• “War on Poverty”

• support for education

Vietnamization

gradual withdrawal of U.S. troops in order for the South Vietnamese to take over

Operation Rolling Thunder

bombing of North Vietnam

Tet Offensive

a series of surprise attacks by the Viet Kong and North Vietnma on bases in South Vietnam

Kent State University

• Vietnam protests turn violent

• protesters burn ROTC building

• 4 shot dead and more wounded

Ho Chi Minh Trail

Viet Kong supply lines from North Vietnam and neighboring countries

Montgomery Bus Boycott

the U.S. supreme court rules segregation on buses unconstitutional

Gulf of Tonkin

alleged attack on U.S. destroyers; President Johnson used attack to ask Congress for war powers, sent more troops

Search and destroy missions

a core tactic used by the U.S. military to find and eliminate enemy forces

-used during Vietnam War

Zippo Raids

search and destroy missions where U.S. soldiers used zippo lighters to torch Vietnamese villages and structures