Biology - Organ Systems Structure and Function

Digestive system structure

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, rectum

Skeletal system structure

Bones, cartilages, ligaments, and joints

Muscular system structure

Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle tissue

Nervous system structure

Brain, spinal cord, nerves

Respiratory system structure

Nose, trachea, and lungs

Urinary/Excretory system structure

Kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra

Integumentary system structure

Skin, hair, fingernails

Immune/Lymphatic system structure

Lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes

Endocrine system structure

Glands that secrete hormones

Reproductive system structure

Female: ovaries, uterus
Male: testes, penis

Cardiovascular/Circulatory system structure

Heart, blood vessels, blood

Digestive system function

Breaks down food; Absorbs nutrients; Eliminates solid wastes

Respiratory system function

Brings in oxygen needed for cellular respiration and removes excess carbon dioxide from the body (gas exchange)

Urinary/Excretory system function

Eliminates liquid waste products from the body

Reproductive system function

Produce gametes (egg and sperm cells)

Integumentary system function

Protects from water loss and outside environment; Regulates body temperature

Skeletal system function

Supports the body with structure; Protects internal organs; Stores minerals (ex. calcium)

Muscular system function

Allows for movement

Nervous system function

Recognizes and coordinates involuntary and voluntary responses

Endocrine system function

Produces and secretes hormones; Controls growth, development, and metabolism

Immune/Lymphatic system function

Helps protect the body from infection and disease

Cardiovascular/Circulatory system function

Transports gases, nutrients, and hormones to cells