Mitochondria & Chloroplasts
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15 Terms
What is the main function of the mitochondrion?
To produce ATP by aerobic cellular respiration
Why does the mitochondrion have a double membrane?
To create compartments for different stages of respiration
What is the inner membrane of the mitochondrion folded into?
Cristae
Why are cristae important?
They increase surface area for the electron transport chain and ATP synthase
What happens in the intermembrane space of mitochondria?
Protons accumulate to create a proton gradient
Why is a small volume important in mitochondria?
It allows proton concentration to increase quickly
What occurs in the mitochondrial matrix?
Link reaction and Krebs cycle
What is ATP synthase?
Enzyme that makes ATP using proton flow
What is the main function of the chloroplast?
To carry out photosynthesis
What is a thylakoid?
Flattened membrane sac where light reactions occur
What is a granum?
Stack of thylakoids
Why are grana important?
They increase surface area for light absorption
What happens in the thylakoid membrane?
Light-dependent reactions and electron transport
What is the stroma?
Fluid where the Calvin cycle occurs
Why is a small thylakoid space important?
It allows rapid proton buildup for chemiosmosis
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