Lecture on Pre-Columbian Exploration and Early Colonization

These flashcards cover essential topics related to pre-Columbian exploration, the impacts of technological advancements, the slave trade, and colonization efforts.

Who was Leif Ericson?

A Norseman credited as probably the first European to set foot in North America, 500 years before Columbus.

What was Prince Henry The Navigator known for?

He organized and supervised expeditions to Africa and Asia and started a navigational school in Lisbon that contributed to the Age of Discovery.

What significant event is Christopher Columbus credited with initiating?

He initiated the first permanent contact between Europe and North America in 1492.

What was the encomienda system?

A system that allowed Spanish colonizers to demand tribute and forced labor from the native populations.

What was the outcome of the Pueblo Revolt of 1680?

An uprising of 8,000 Pueblos against Spanish missionaries, resulting in the death of 400 Spanish soldiers and increased tolerance from the Spanish.

What were some accomplishments of Native Americans before European contact?

They had advanced medicinal practices, complex forms of government, and agricultural systems that produced 70% of the world’s crops today.

How did the Portuguese influence the slave trade?

Prince Henry the Navigator sent expeditions to Africa that resulted in the enslavement of Africans and the transportation of 4,650,000 enslaved Africans to the New World by the early 1700s.

What was the driving factor for Spain to begin colonizing?

The marriage of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile united Spain and sought profit through a water route to Asia.

What technological advancements aided transatlantic exploration?

The sailing compass, sextant, astrolabe, improved mapmaking, and the caravel were crucial for exploration.

What was the significance of joint stock companies in exploration?

They decreased individual risks and made colonization financially feasible for countries like England and the Dutch.