Unit 6 Periodic Trends: Chemistry

Group 18

The Noble Gases

Group 1

Alkali Metals

Group 2

Alkaline Earth Metals

Group 17

Halogens

Periodic Law

Properties of elements often repeat

Actinides

Botton row of the two block row

Lanthanides

Top row of the two block row

nonmetals

Everything on the upper right hand curner after metalloids + Hydrogen

Metalloids

B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, Po

Transition Metals

Groups 3-12

Atomic size/radii is measured…

from teh distance from the center to the outer edge of an atom in picometers (pm)

Atomic size trends (groups and periods)

Increases as it moves down a group and decreases going left to right in a period.

Ionic radii trends (periods and groups)

Ionic raddi increases going down groups and decreases going left to right

Ionization Energy Trends (periods and groups)

Decreases going down a group increases going left to right

Electronegativity Trends (periods and groups)

Decreases going down a group increases going left to right

Ioinc Size trends

Lower value ions are always bigger, tif it is the same it is determined by periodic trend

Cations

Positive ions, because they have lost one or more negativley charged electrons, leaving more protons than electrons

Anions

Negative ions, because they have gained one or more negativley charged electrons resulting in more electrons than protons

Ionization energy

energy required to remove an electrons from an atom, each time you take an electron it takes more energy to remove the next

Ions form

Through ionization where neutral atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a stable, full outer electron shell, typically mimicking a noble gas configuration. Metals become cations and non metals become anions.