Med Conditions: Oncology and Rehabilitation

1.9 million, 600,00

In the US in 2022, aprx. ___ new cancer cases and over ___ deaths

38%

What percent of men and women will be diagnosed with cancer at some point in their life

Prostate, lung and bronchus, skin, colon and rectum, urinary, and melanoma of the skin

What are the most common forms of cancer in men

Breast, lung and bronchus, colon and rectum, uterine, and thyroid

What are the most common forms of cancer seen in women?

50%

Men have a ___ chance of developing some sort of cancer in their lifetime

33%

Women have a ____ chance of developing some type of cancer in their lifetime

20.3 million

Number of cancer survivors in US is expected to reach ___ by 2026

Where it originates

Cancer is typically described based on what?

OT, PT, SLP, rehabilitation medicine

What rehabilitation services are given to oncology patients?

Pretreatment, active treatment, maintenance, post-treatment or survivorship, palliative care

What are the different cancer care continuum?

pretreatment

which cancer care continuum is when the pt is newly diagnosed but no treatment has been initiated?

active treatment

which cancer care continuum is when the pt is receiving treatment with a curative goal?

maintenance

which cancer care continuum is when the pt is receiving long term therapy with a goal of remission?

post-treatment or surviorship

which cancer care continuum is when the pt is when medical treatment is complete with no sign of disease?

palliative care

which cancer care continuum is when the pt is when cancer is incurable and treatment focuses on comfort and function?

- surgical removal of cancer

- radiation therapy

- chemotherapy and targeted therapy

- immunotherapy

- hormone therapy

- stem cell transplants

what are different treatment options for pts with cancer?

surgical removal of cancer cells

what form of treatment is it when the doctor surgically removes the cancerous cells/tumors from the pts body?

radiation therapy

what form of treatment is it when the therapy focuses on killing cancer cells and shrinking tumors?

chemotherapy and targeted therapy

what form of treatment is it when the doctor uses drugs to kill cancer cells?

immunotherapy

what form of treatment is it when the treatment is focused on strengthening and using a person's immune system to fight cancer?

hormone therapy

what form of treatment is it when the doctor uses hormones to slow or stop cancer cell growth?

stem cell transplants

what form of treatment is it which restores blood-forming cells that are destroyed by high-dose chemotherapy or radiation therapy?

complex and requires specialty (advanced knowledge)

providing safe OT interventions for people with cancer can be ____ and understanding of how medications, treatments and the status of body systems affect the course of evaluation and treatment.

- changes in HR and rhythm

- dizziness

- blood pressure problems

- changes in vision

- changes in cognitive status

- appetite changes

- metabolism changes

what are some body functions that could be affected when a pt has cancer and going through treatment that an OT must be aware of?

- vital signs

- lab values

what are some key measures of body function when undergoing cancer treatment? These values provide the practitioner with information regarding a client's biochemistry and could effect performance?

vital signs

what is the term to describe blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, intercranial pressure, respiration rate, HR, and oxygen saturation?

laboratory values

what is the term to describe blood counts, coagulation, blood gasses, liver/kidney function, metabolic panels, etc

- Verify lab values, vital signs, and images before evaluation and treatment

- verify and specific precautions associated with the type of cancer before intervention

- understand that treatment may be contraindicated if values are critically outside of the normal range

what are some general recommendations that an OT should do when treating a pt with cancer?

CT, MRI, ultrasound, and x-ray

what are some common radiology and imaging that OT should review and understand as they may affect precautions and treatment. The results may influence the type of testing that the OT performs and may alter the intervention plan/

metastasis

what term is defined as the spread of cancer from its origin location to another part of the body?

cancer-related fatigue (CRF)

what is a significant secondary condition that is related to cancer and cancer treatment that is defined as "a distressing, persistent subjective sense of physical, emotional or cognitive tiredness or exhaustion related to cancer or cancer treatment that is not proportional to recent activity and interferes with usual function?

quality of life

cancer- related fatigue can profoundly affect what for a pt?

cancer-realted cognitive impairment

what is seen in up to 75% of pts with cancer who present with impairments in memory, attention, concentration, and executive function?

30%

what percentage is cancer-realted cognitive impairment is seen in pts prior to chemo?

75%

what percentage is cancer-realted cognitive impairment is seen in pts during tx?

35%

what percentage is cancer-realted cognitive impairment is seen in pts years after completion of tx?

subtle to dramatic

how to impairments range from cancer-realted cognitive impairment?

false. it can be temporary or permanent

true or false. cancer-realted cognitive impairment is only temporary and won't effect the pt once they complete treatment.

chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy

what is experienced by pts undergoing tx with certain neurotoxic chemotherapy agents. These platinum drugs cause dysfunction or damage to peripheral nerves. Functional recovery can take months to years depending on factors/

motor, sensory, involuntary, or mixed impairments

what kinds of impairments can you typically see on a pt with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy

cancer related pain

can affect a person's life, including physical functioning, performance of activities of daily living, psychological and emotional status, and social interactions

50%

what percentage of children have experienced cancer related pain?

90%

what percentage of adults have experienced cancer related pain

- education for skills

- Strategies in pain recognition and reduction

- promotion of engagement valued activity

What are some interventions that an OT can work on with a patient experiencing cancer-related pain?

body image, self-efficacy, and self-esteem

what are some commonly affected psychosocial aspects experienced by pts with cancer? these impairments may be due to unavoidable changes to apperence, general health, and decline in function

body image

what is considered a multidimensional construct that involves perception, thoughts, feelings and behaviors related to the entire body and its functioning?

60%

what percentage of cancer pts suffer from psychological distress?

psychological distress

what can be defined as a multifactoral unpleasant emotional experience of psychological, social, or spiritual nature that interferes with effective coping?

stress management, relaxation, lifestryle design, cognitive behavior techniques, expressive therapy, education, etc

what are some tx techniques that can help with a pts psychological issues?

lymphedema

What is a condition caused by inadequate drainage of lymphatic fluid? Common secondary disease associated with various forms of cancer and cancer related treatment

breast cancer

lymphedema is most commonly publicly associated with what other form of cancer? But it can also be seen with other forms like lymphoma, skin, and GI