ANS 151 practical 2

still nursing its mother

calf

an animal that is a year old

yearling –

name: Glove and Semen collection vessel

function: collecting semen from boar for breeding (AI)

Species : Swine

\

Species: Swine

Function: AI

Hard Spiral AI Catheter

Species: Swine

Function: AI

Soft Spiral AI Catheter

Species: Swine

Function : AI

Single Piece Post Cervical AI Catheter

**Species:** Swine

**Function:** Artificial Insemination

Double Piece Post Cervical AI Catheter

**Species:** Swine

**Function:** Artificial Insemination

Foam Tip AI Catheter (Golden Pig)

\

**Species:** Swine

**Function:** Assisting during parturition

Palpation Sleeve

Species: Swine

Function": Storage of semen for AI

Semen Bottle

**Species:** Swine

**Function:** Storage of semen for Artificial insemination

Semen Tube

**Species:** Swine

**Function:** Storage of semen for Artificial insemination

Cochette

**Species:** Swine

**Function:** Fixing ruptures

Hemostatic forceps

Species: Swine

Function: Permanent Identification

Ear Notcher

Speckies : Swine

Function: Castration

Side Cutting Pliers

**Species:** Swine

**Function:** Cutting needle teeth

Needle Teeth Pliers

Speckies: Swine

Function : keep pre-weaned piglets warm

Heat Lamp

S: Swine

F: treatment of rectal prolapse

Prolapse Retainer

swine

what species is infrared thermometer used on aka no contact

Air flow Meter

Swine

Ventilation monitoring

\

**Species:** Swine

**Function:** Administration of multiple doses and injections of medication

Multiple Injection Multi Dose Syringe

**Species:** Swine

**Function:** Administration of multiple doses and injections of medication

Single Injection Multi Dose Syringe

S: Swine

F: Blood Collection

Blood Sampling

Pietran

What swine breed?

pink w black spots

Hampshire

breed?

all black except 1 pale pink strip on front leg

Spot

breed?

top half black and bottom pale pink

Berkshire

breed?

all black except feet n snout which are white

Meishan

breed?

\-very wrinkly, big, gray

Yorkshire

breed?

pinkish white and furry all over

landrace (pretty sure its the pigs nc state has)

breed?

all pink look hairless

Duroc

breed?

mostly dark brown all over

weight / days since born

Grades are below:

* Piglets more than 0.75 lbs per day of age = excellent
* Piglets between 0.50 and 0.74 = good
* piglets less than 0.50 = at risk ( not growing well after weaning)

How to calculate weight per day of age and understand if the pig is good/marginal/bad to be weaned

Quarter Horse

breed?

Thoroughbred

breed?

paint horse

breed

draft horse

hairy hoofs/feet

shetland pony

Parts of hoof

Horses prefer to run from danger. However, if flight is not an option, horses will fight to protect themselves from a perceived danger

1. What does the phrase fight or flight mean in relation to equine behavior?

from the left side at the shoulder

how to approach a horse?

Approaching from the front or back puts one at risk of being kicked or harmed. The horse cannot see directly in front or behind.

1. Why do we not approach the horse from directly in front or behind?

Safety is the #1 priority and understanding how and why horses (prey animals) respond to danger is essential as a handler

1. Why would all of the above matter in relation to equine behavior and handler safety?

Not too loose, not too tight. Horses have thin bone that turns to cartilage on their muzzle, so the nosepiece needs to sit comfortably on the muzzle. The chin strap should also be loose enough to provide comfort to the animal

1. Demo putting a halter on. What are some ways we can tell a halter fits properly?

To prevent lameness (usually in the form of abcesses)

Why should you pick a horse’s feet regularly?

Abscess and white line disease

What are two common problems seen in a hoof?

4 to 6 months is ideal

1. How often should an average horse be trimmed by a farrier?

Boer (goat)

breed?

kiko (goat)

breed?

* polled dorset (sheep)
* founded by NCSU

\

breed?

katahadin (sheep)

(sheep)hampshire

breed?

suffolfk (sheep)

breed?

* used to test if sheeps/goats need to be treated for internal parasites by looking at color of eyelid
* dark red=good
* light red or pale pink = parasites
* only ones w parasites are treated instead of all since parasites can build up a resistance

Famacha score

* when lamb is born it has 4 pairs (8 teeth) of temp incisors in lower jaw (similar to baby teeth in humans)
* each year one pair of these temp incisors are replaced w permanent incisors (adult teeth) beginning w pair in center
* so the more adult teeth pairs = the older it is

how to check the teeth of sheep to estimate age

to prevent foot rot

why do we trim goat/sheep hoofs?

goats they tend to be a bit more curious and approach humans sometimes while sheep are more nervous

between sheep and goats, which are less gregarious (“flock together”)

let head down, grab onto dock and push

If you are leading/moving sheep, what do you do to get them to move?

* All sheep have a characteristic “flight zone” and “flight distance”.
* The flight zone is the minimum zone of comfort or security that sheep maintain between themselves and other animals, especially people or sheep dogs. If this area is penetrated by a person or a dog, then the sheep will likely run away or “flight” will occur.
* How far the sheep runs away before it stops is referred to as the “flight distance”. Both genetics and previous experiences (environment) have a profound effect on an animal’s flight zone and distance

sheep characteristics

Holstein; dairy

breed? type of cow?

Red and white holstein; dairy

breed? type of cow?

jersey; dairy cow breed

breed? type of cow breed?

guernsey; dairy; light brown and white ( dont get confused w red and white that one is darker color)

breed? type of cow?

brown swiss; dairy

breed? type of dairy?

ayrshire; dairy; darker brown and white; head shape slightly differs

breed? type of cow?

milking shorthorn; dairy

breed? type?

7 to 8 wks

  How long are dairy calves kept in hutches?

almost as soon as they are born; colostrum

When are dairy calves removed from their mother and what is the essential first but of milk that provides immunity called

cows are far enough to help prevent spread of diseases but can still be social

Why are dairy calves kept in hutches?

twice a day at NCSU but in production it usually 3

How often are cows milked at the NCSU dairy?

temperature and for antibiotics

* freezing point also measured to make sure milk is not watered down

●     What are two things a milk tank trucker will check for prior to accepting the milk?

\
* to help cool the milk quickly to prevent bacteria and increase of lactic acid; prevents hot spots or areas of warm milk by mixing it with already cool milk
* The cooling process is accomplished by keeping the bulk tank at the desired temperature. In addition, new milk enters most bulk tanks from the bottom of the tank and is constantly mixed with stored milk via the action of an agitator or stirring device. These actions help cool milk quickly and prevent “hot spots” which are pockets or areas of warm milk
* minimizes seperation of milk fat

Why does milk enter the bulk tank from the bottom and not the top?

* helps prevent injury and germs from getting inside teat by closing up teat

●     Why does a milker need to ‘strip’ the teat and clean it with iodine prior to and directly after milking?

* lactating requires very high metabolic needs so most of the food goes to that not to fat storage

●     Why are dairy cows’ hook and pin bones (hooks) easily visible?

* made of fermented plants; kept in big white bags; bunker or upright silos
* they use the whole plant not just the grain

●     What is silage?

weight divided by age

Weight/ age= average weight per day

how to calculate weight per day of age for beef cows?

female who has not calved yet

Heifer-

\- female that has been bred, but has not yet calved

bred hiefer

female who has calved

cow

castrated male, purpose = meat

steer

intact male , purpose=breeding

bull

a calf the has been weaned, usually > 7 months old to 1 year

weaned calf –

– cattle that have been sent to a feedlot, usually they weigh about 700 lbs

feeder cattle

cattle that have been sent to a backgrounding operation, usually they weight about 500 lbs.

stocker cattle

– cattle that are in feedlots that are close to reaching their desired market weight.

fat cattle

* Many cattle have ear tag # of things similar to 04E
* E= year=2017
* 04=number identifies order in which calf was born= 4th calf born
* no years are labeled w I O Q Z
* Relative birthday – 01 would be born near the first of January while 40 would be born near the end of February. 41 would be born near the first of September and 80 would be born near the end of October( to 40 =hereford; 41 to 80=angus)

A 2013

B 2014

C 2015

D 2016

E 2017

F 2018

G 2019

H 2020

J 2021

K 2022

L 2023

how to read nametag and estimate day of birth

sep and oct

when are angus calves born?

jan and feb

when are hereford calves born?

* flight zone is an area where if someone enters it the livestock will flee
* The point of balance is usually at the animal's shoulder and it is determined by the animal's wide angle vision. All species of livestock will move forward if the handler stands behind the point of balance. They will back up if the handler stands in front of the point of balance.

point of balance/ flight zone

Black angus; beef

breed? type?

hereford; beef

breed? type?

gelbvieh; beef

breed? type?

charolais; beef

breed? type?

beef; simmental

type? breed?

beef; limousin

type? breed?

brangus; beef

breed?type?

brahman; beef

breed? type?

Species: beef cattle

Function: changes color when animal is mounted-detects animals are in heat

Kamar Heat Detection Patch

Species used on? what is it? what is it used for?

**Species: Beef cattle**

**Function:** Used to manually pull calves during parturition if the cow is experiencing birthing problems

OB Chains and Handle

Species? Function? Name?

**Species: Beef cattle**

**Function:** Used to synchronize estrus by administering the hormone, progesterone

CIDR and inserter

Species? Function? Name?