Acculturation SAQ

What is acculturation?

Acculturation is the cultural and psychological change that occurs when two cultures come into prolonged contact, involving adaptation to the host culture and mutual transformation.

What are the two dimensions in Berry's (1997) model of acculturation?

(1) The degree to which individuals maintain their heritage culture, and (2) the extent to which they engage with the host culture.

What are the four acculturation strategies?

Assimilation, Integration, Separation, Marginalization.

What is assimilation?

Adopting the host culture and abandoning the heritage culture.

What is integration?

Maintaining heritage culture while actively engaging with the host culture.

What is separation?

Maintaining heritage culture while avoiding the host culture.

What is marginalization?

Rejecting both the heritage and host cultures, leading to isolation.

What is acculturative stress?

Stress experienced when individuals struggle to adapt to a new culture or feel culturally excluded.

What was the aim of Berry et al. (2006)?

To examine how immigrant youth experience acculturation and how acculturation strategies affect well-being and behavior.

What was the sample in Berry et al. (2006)?

5,366 immigrant youth aged 13-18 from 13 countries, including Canada, Australia, and the USA.

What was the research method used in Berry et al. (2006)?

A cross-sectional survey using structured questionnaires.

What variables were measured in Berry et al. (2006)?

Acculturation attitudes, psychological well-being, social adaptation, behavioral indicators like school engagement and community involvement.

How were participants grouped in Berry et al. (2006)?

Into four categories based on acculturation strategies: integration, assimilation, separation, and marginalization.

What behaviors were associated with integration?

Higher academic engagement, better social interactions, and greater participation in both host and heritage culture.

What behaviors were associated with assimilation?

Adaptation to the host culture but potential loss of heritage identity and increased internal conflict.

What behaviors were associated with separation?

Social isolation, preference for one's cultural in-group, and low engagement with the host society.

What behaviors were associated with marginalization?

Withdrawal, low academic engagement, and higher levels of stress or behavioral problems.

How did multicultural societies affect acculturation outcomes?

They supported integration, leading to more socially adaptive behaviors due to inclusive policies.

How did monocultural societies affect acculturation outcomes?

They made adaptation harder, often resulting in separation or marginalization, especially when discrimination was present.

What was the main conclusion of Berry et al. (2006)?

Acculturation strategies shape behavior and well-being; integration fosters adaptation, while marginalization leads to disengagement and stress.