Frederick Griffith
Frederick Griffith was a scientist known for his experiment in 1928 with Streptococcus pneumoniae that demonstrated the process of transformation, showing that non-virulent bacteria could acquire virulence when exposed to heat-killed virulent bacteria.
Francis Crick and James Watson
Scientists credited with uncovering the double helix structure of DNA.
Maurice Wilkins
A scientist known for his work on the structure of DNA using X-ray crystallography.
Hershey and Chase Experiment
An experiment conducted in 1952 that demonstrated that DNA is the genetic material by using radioactive labeling of bacteriophages.
Steps of DNA Replication
Unwinding of the DNA helix by helicase. 2. Binding of RNA primers. 3. Addition of nucleotides by DNA polymerase. 4. Joining of Okazaki fragments by DNA ligase. 5. Rewinding of the DNA helix.
DNA Structure
Described as a double helix, resembling a twisted ladder composed of a sugar-phosphate backbone and pairs of nitrogenous bases.
Frederick Griffith
A scientist known for his 1928 experiment with Streptococcus pneumoniae that demonstrated the process of transformation.
Hydrogen Bonds in DNA
Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T) using 2 hydrogen bonds, and Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G) using 3 hydrogen bonds.
Avery, McLeod, and McCarty Experiment
An experiment in 1944 that provided definitive evidence that DNA is the genetic material by demonstrating that DNA extracted from pathogenic bacteria could transform non-pathogenic bacteria into pathogenic forms.
Avery, McLeod, and McCarty (1944)
Researchers who conducted the experiment that concluded DNA is the substance that causes bacterial transformation.