Cell Organelles

Nucleus

Stores genetic information

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Attatched to nucleus

• smooth: lipid synthesis, no ribosomes

• rough: covered in ribosomes for protein synth

Golgi Apparatus

Sorts and packages proteins to be distributed via vesicles

Makes macromolecules (mainly carbs)

Produces lysosomes

Cis —> vesicles fusing

Trans —> vesicles leaving

Lysosomes

Digestion: enzymes catalyze hydrolysis (breakdown) of macromolecules, foreign particles, and cellular waste

Peroxisomes

Digestion: catalyze redox reactions to break down toxic molecules

Vesicles

Transport and storage of substances

Plants have a large central vacuole that helps maintain internal cell pressure

Chloroplast

Contain chlorophyll that aids in photosynthesis

Mitochondria

Break down organic molecules that contain stored energy into usable energy

Cell Wall

Protection and structural support for plant cells

Cytoskeleton

Internal network of protein fibres

Provide structure and motility (eg. cilia appendages

Endomembrane System

Modify, package, and transport proteins

Rough er —> smooth er —> transport vesicle —> cis golgi apparatus —> trans golgi apparatus —> secretory vesicle