Readings in Philippine History and Society

Land Bridge Theory

Theory:

Philippine was once part of mainland Asia

Volcanic Origin

What theory:

Proposed by Dr. Bailey Willis. Philippines came to existence after eruptions of volcanoes beneath the Pacific Ring of Fire

Legend of Mu or Lemuria

What theory:
Proposed by James Churchward. Philippines and Indonesia were then part of a Pacific Continent called Mu or Lemuria

Legend of Manaul

What theory:

The king who guided destinies was Manaul. He is a cunning and resourceful bird who manipulates the gods Kaptan and Magauayan into a battle that eventually leads to creation of the land.

Continental Drift Theory

What theory:
Proposed by German meteorologist Alfred Wegener in 1912. The Philippines and other land masses were part of a single supercontinent called Pangaea.

Migration theory

What theory:

Proposed by Henry Otley Beyer. The Philippines was populated by different waves of migration. The dawnmen, aetas, indonesians, and malays

Evolution theory

According to Felipe Landa Jocano, evidence was discovered in the Tabon caves in Palawan. A skullcap of the Tabon man

Ma-I

Name of the Philippines back in the day:

Early Chinese traders

Islas de San Lazaros

Name of the Philippines back in the day:

Ferdinand Magellan, 1521

Filipinas

Name of the Philippines back in the day:

Ruy Lopez de Villalobos, 1543

Pearl of the Orient

Name of the Philippines back in the day:

Father Juan J. Delgado, 1751

Pearl of the Orient Seas

Name of the Philippines back in the day:

Jose Rizal, 1896

Philippine Island

Name of the Philippines back in the day:

American government, American period

Republic of the Philippines

Name of the Philippines back in the day:

After Independence, 1946

Rizaline Republic

Name of the Philippines back in the day:

Artemio Ricarte, 19th century

Maharlika

Name of the Philippines back in the day:

Ferdinand Marcos Jr.

Barangay

Precolonial political unit, composed of 30-100 families.

Datu or Raja

Chieftain ruler of the Barangay or in the Muslim Community

Decentralized

Barangay system was ________

Trial by Ordeal

Is a judicial process which entails trial by torture

Datu class

Social class:

the ruling class

Maharlika

Social class:

the aristocracy

Timagua

Social class:

the common class

Alipin

Social class:

aka uripon among the visayans. the dependent class.

Aliping Namamahay

Kind of alipin:

householder. alipin with land rights. owned a house

Aliping Sagigilid

Kind of alipin:

were members of the master’s household who are from their master’s pot

Boxer codex

anonymous manuscript mentioned that only men were qualified for the title of DATU.

Baybayin (if wala, answer Alibata)

What’s the writing system?

Gold, Gold, and Glory

3 G’s goals of the Europeans

Fr. Pedro de Valderrama

Who was the fleet captain of magellan?

Antonio Pigafetta

Who was the chronicler of magellan?

Fr. Pedro Valderrama

Antonio Pigafetta

Duarte de Barbosa

Enrique of Malacca

Who accompanied magellan on his expedition? 4 people (FADE)

March 16, 1521

What date and year did Magellan discovered the Philippines?

Rajah Kolambu

Magellan had a blood compact with______

March 31, 1521

When was the first mass?

Juan Sebastian Elcano (Delcano)

Who was the first man to circumnavigate the world?

Trinidad

Conception

Santiago

San Antonio

Victoria

Order of the 5 ships of Magellan.

Miguel Lopez de Legaspi

Who was the first Spanish Governor General?

Sikatuna

Miguel Lopez de Legaspi had a blood compact with________

Complase

the right of the governor to suspend the operation of a royal decree coming from the king

Audiencia Real or Royal Audiencia

act as the Supreme Court of the colony

Residencia

judicial institution headed with the purpose of punishing those guilty of graft and corruption

Visitador General

checks the behavior of the high officials in the colony

8 reales

How many reales for taxation?

Polo y servicio

men aged 16-60 required to work for the government for 40 days

Encomienda

source of corruption. involved land grants to deserving spaniards

Galleon trade

products shipped from manila to acapulco

Tobacco monopoly

started by jose basco vargas. controlled all aspects of tobacco cultivation and trade. lasted 100 years

Augustinians

Franciscans

Jesuits

Dominicans

Recollects

Benedictines

Who were the spanish missionaries? (ALL FARMERS JUMPED DOWN the RIVER BANKS)

Claveria Decree

Initiating the Catalogo Alfabetico de Apellidos. For easy collection of taxes

Fr. Manuel Blanco

The first scientist of the Philippines. The prince of botanist, write Flora de Filipinas

UST

Oldest school

College of San Ignacio

first college for boys in 1589

College of Santa Potenciana

first college for girls

Peninsulares

full blooded spaniards born in spain

Insulares

full blooded spaniards born in the philippines

Tornatras

person of mixed spanish, chinese, and austronesian (filipino) descent

Mestizo de espanyol

person of mixed spanish, and austronesian (filipino) descent

Mestizo de Sangley

person of mixed chinese and austronesian (filipino) descent

Sangley

full blooded chinese

Indio

full blooded austronesian (filipino) descent

Illustrados`

middles class filipinos educated in europe

Lakandula and Sulayman

What revolt:

Lavesari’s disregard of Legazpi’s promise that spain would recognice the patrimonial lands of the kings of Tondo

Magalat’s revolt

What revolt:

Encouragement of the people of Cagayan to rebel against Spanish government

Sumoroy’s rebellion

What revolt:

Government’s enforcement of the order to send people of Palapag, Samar to work in the shipyard of Cavite

Maniago’s revolt

What revolt:

Hatred of bandala and resentment of the frequent recruitment of Pampanganos to cut timber for the connstruction for Spanish galleons

Diego Silang’s revolt

What revolt:

His resentment of his imprisonment due to his request for the abolition of the hatred tribute in Vigan

Gabriela Silang’s revolt

What revolt:

Assassination of her husband, Diego Silang

Palari’s revolt

What revolt:

Hatred of the excessive tribute and abusive officials from Binalatongan which inspired him to rally the people against Spain

Basi revolt

What revolt:

Prohibition of the drinking of home-made wine in Pidding, Ilocos Norte, owing to wine monopoly

Tamblot’s revolt

What revolt:

His exhortation that people of Bohol return to their old faith

Bankaw’s revolt

What revolt:

His encouragement of the people of Limasawa to defend their traditional religion

Tapar’s revolt

What revolt:

The killing of followers of his religious cult by the friar of Oton, Panay

Dagohoy’s revolt

What revolt:

Triggered by the refusal of the church to give Christian burial to his brother

Revolt of Hermano Pule

What revolt:

Persecution of the followers of the Cofradia de San Jose founded by Apolinario dela cruz

Cavite Mutiny

A rebellion against gov. gen. Rafael Izquierdo under the leadership of Sergeant Lamadrid

February 17, 1872

When was the execution of GomBurZa?

Gov. Gen. Izquierdo

Who ordered the execution of GomBurZa?

Jose Rizal

Graciano Lopez Jaena

Marcelo Del Pilar

Who were the Triumvirate of Propaganda? (3 people)

1. Make the Philippines a province of Spain

2. Equality of Filipinos and Spaniards

3. Wanted representation in the Spanish Cortes

Aims of propaganda? (3 aims)

La Solidaridad

The organ if propaganda edited by Marcelo H Del Pilar

Diariong Tagalog

Nationalistic newspaper edited by Marcelo H Del Pilar

Graciano Lopez Jaena

Who was the publisher of La Solidaridad? Pen name: Fray Botod and Diego Laura

Marcelo H Del Pilar

He was the editor and co0publisher of the La Solidaridad and wrote under the name ‘Plaridel, Dolores Manapat, Piping Dilat, and Pupdoh’

Antonio Luna

Wrote for La Solidaridad under the name ‘taga-ilog’

Jose Rizal

His pen name is: Dimasalang and Laun-Laan

Apolinario Mabini

His pen name is Paralitiko

Andres Bonifacio

His pen name is Agapito Bagumbahay

Mariano Ponce

His pen name: Tikbalang, Naning, at Kalipulako

Juan Luna

His pen name is Potacio

Jose Dela Cruz

His pen name is Husengsisiw

Pio Valenzuela

His pen name is Madlang-awa

Melchora Aquino

Her pen name is Tandang Sora

Emilio Jacinto

His pen name is Dimas-ilaw

La Liga Filipina

A socio-civic society of Filipino patriots organized by Rizal when he arrived in Manila from Europe

July 7, 1892

A secret society founded on ________ by Andres Bonifacio

Apolinario Mabini

He was the Brain of the Revolution. Sublime Paralytic El Verdadero Decalogo

Emiliio Jacinto

The brain of the Katipunan. Wrote the famous kartilya

Gregoria de Jesus

Bonifacio’s wife. Lakambini of the Katipunan

Katipun

password: Anak ng Bayan

What’s the first grade and the password for katipunan membership?