Upper Extremity Muscles - Origin/Insertion

Latissimus Doris

Origin: spinous processes T6/7- T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inferior angle scapula and inferior 3 ribs

Insertion: floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Trapezius

Origin: external occipital protuberance, superior nuchal line and nuchal ligament, spinous processes C7 - T12

Insertion: lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

Levator Scapulae

Origin: transverse processes C1-C4

Insertion: superior part of medial border of scapula

Rhomboid Major/Minor

Origin: major - spinous processes T1-T4/5; minor - spinous process C7

Insertion: medial border of scapula

Supraspinatous

Origin: supraspinous fossa

Insertion: superior facet of greater tubercle on humerus

Deltoid

Origin: lateral 1/3rd of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Infraspinatous

Origin: infraspinous fossa

Insertion: middle facet on greater tubercle of humerus

Teres Minor

Origin: superior part of lateral border of scapula

Insertion: inferior facet on greater tubercle of humerus

Teres Major

Origin: dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula

Insertion: medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Subscapularis

Origin: subscapular fossa

Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus

Serratus Anterior

Origin: external surfaces of lateral parts of ribs 1-8/9

Insertion: anterior surface of medial border of scapula

Pectoralis Major

Origin: navicular head - medial half of anterior clavicle; sternoostal head - anterior surface sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages and aponeurosis of external oblique

Insertion: lateral lip (crest) of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Pectoralis Minor

Origin: 3rd to 5th ribs near their costal cartilages

Insertion: coracoid process of scapula

Subclavius

Origin: junction 1st rib and its costal cartilage

Insertion: inferior surface of the middle of clavicle

Biceps Brachii

O: short head - coracoid process of scapula; long head - supraglenoid of tubercle

I: tuberosity of radius and bicipital aponeurosis

Brachialis

O: disal half of anterior surface of humerus

I: coracoid process and ulnar tuberosity

Coracobrachialis

O: coracoid process of scapula

I: middle 1/3rd of medial surface of humerus

Triceps brachii

O: long head - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; lateral head - posterior surface of humerus superior to radial groove; medial head - posterior surface of humers inferior to radial groove

I: olecranon process of ulna

Anconeus

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus

I: lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna

Pronator Teres

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus (humeral head) and the coronoid process of ulna (ulnar head)

Insertion: middle of lateral surface of radius

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: base of 2nd metacarpal

Palmaris Longus

Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin: humeral head (medal epicondyle of humerus), ulnar head (olecranon process and posterior border of ulna

Insertion: pisiform bone, hook of hamate and base of 5th metacarpal

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Origin: humeroulnar head (medial epicondyle of humerus, ulnar collator ligament and coronoid process), radial head (superior ½ ofanterior border of radius)

Insertion: 4 tendons split and insert into the middle phalanx of digits 2-5

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Origin: proximal ¾ of anterior surface of ulna and the interosseous membrane

Insertion: base of distal phalanges of digits 2-5

Flexor Pollicis Longus

Origin: anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous

Insertion: base of distal phalanx of thumb

Pronator Quadratus

Origin: distal ¼ of anterior surface of ulna

Insertion: distal ¼ of anterior surface of radius

Brachioradialis

Origin: proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Insertion: lateral surface of distal radius

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Insertion: base of 2nd metacarpal

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: base of 3rd metacarpal of humerus

Extensor Digitorum

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: extensor expansion of digits 2-5

Extensor Digiti Minimi

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: extensor expansion of 5th digit

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus, posterior surface of humerus

Insertion: base of 5th metacarpal

Supinaor

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament, supinator fossa, ulnar crest

Insertion: posterior, anterior, and lateral surface of proximal 1/3 radius

Abductor Pollicis Longus

Origin: posterior surface of ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane

Insertion: base of 1st metacarpal

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

Origin: posterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane

Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Extensor Pollicis Longus

Origin: posterior surface of middle ulna and interosseous membrane

Insertion: base of distal phalanx of thumb

Extensor Indicus

Origin: posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane

Insertion: extensor expansion of 2nd digit