Exocrine Pancreas - Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia

Artifactual, neonatal, septic, paraneoplastic, liver failure, high insulin, Addison’s disease, lactational, pregnancy, exertion, ingestion of xylitol/Ackee fruit, and starvation/malabsorption are all possible causes of what blood glucose condition?

Addison’s

What disease can be a cause of hypoglycemia due to decreased cortisol, decreased gluconeogenesis, and decreased glucose?

Xylitol

Ingestion of what artificial sweetener can cause hypoglycemia? The Ackee fruit can also produce the same result. This chemical is idiosyncratic in dogs and is much less common in other animals. When it is ingested, there will be diffuse hepatic necrosis and death can follow, as there is no antidote.

Pig

Neonatal hypoglycemia is most common in which animal?

Juvenile

What type of hypoglycemia can occur more commonly in toy and miniature dog breeds, generally in those under 6 months of age?

Paraneoplastic

What type of hypoglycemia occurs as a result of non B-cell neoplasias, such as mesenchymal, epithelial, and round cell tumors?

Beta

Neoplasias of what cells can cause hypoglycemia directly (not paraneoplastically)? The tumors are invariably malignant, metastases can occur to regional lymph nodes and the liver, and glucose concentrations can be managed fairly well with diet and prednisone.

Insulinoma

What tumor of the pancreas causes profound hypoglycemia, which can be reversed by glucose administration? Signs include twitching, seizures, ataxia, weakness, lethargy, collapse, head-pressing, disorientation, mydriasis, blindness, syncope, and coma, with tachycardia and polyphagia. Neuronal and laminar cortical necrosis in the cerebral cortex can occur if hypoglycemia is prolonged, and the tumor itself is not reversible.

30

Hypoglycemia is typically considered mild-severe if it is under what value in mg/dl?

Hypo

Increased insulin can cause potassium and phosphorus to enter cells, resulting in profound hyper- or hypo- -kalemia and -phosphatemia?

Fluoride Oxalate

A sample of blood in what tube should be submitted for glucose analysis when diagnosing an insulinoma? It should be submitted along with a serum sample to test for insulin.

Decreased

Will insulin in blood samples be increased or decreased by RBC hemolysis?

Insulinoma

If blood glucose is low and insulin is high, then what tumor is suspected?

No

Is the amended insulin:glucose ratio commonly used in animal medicine?

Ferret

Insulinomas are the most commonly diagnosed tumor in what animals? Specifically, it is known as a pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma. The CBC will appear WRI, with possible leukocytosis, neutrophilia, monocytosis, and hypoglycemia. Nonspecific increases in ALT and ALP can occur. Signs will include lethargy, collapse, hindlimb weakness, and seizures.