Decolonization in Africa

Flashcards reviewing the causes, methods, and outcomes of decolonization movements in Ghana, Kenya, and Algeria.

What were the primary causes of the Ghanaian Resistance?

Limited African participation in government, traditional leaders accountable to colonial authorities, and a desire for more autonomy in government.

What methods did the Ghanaian Resistance employ?

Forming political organizations, uniting traditional leaders and European-educated Africans, boycotting foreign-owned cocoa companies, and practicing nonviolence and civil disobedience.

When did Ghana receive independence and why was it named Ghana?

1957; to honor a historical West African kingdom.

Who was the first Prime Minister of Ghana?

Kwame Nkrumah (1957-1966).

What were some criticisms of Kwame Nkrumah's leadership?

Prioritizing the Pan-African movement over Ghana itself, along with expensive industrialization and modernization undermining the agrarian economy.

What were the primary causes of the Kenyan Resistance?

Forced labor for European settlers, loss of land and rights, and overcrowded reservations with poor resources.

What methods did Kenyans use to fight for their freedom?

Violent resistance, political organizations, and the Mau Mau Rebellion.

When did the Mau Mau Rebellion take place?

1952-1960.

When did Kenya receive independence?

1963.

Who was the first President of Kenya?

Jomo Kenyatta (1963-1978).

What were the primary causes of the Algerian Resistance?

Protecting/regaining their culture and unequal treatment by settlers.

What methods did Algerians use to resist?

Forming resistance groups like the FLN, violent uprisings, nationalist groups, and demonstrations.

Who led the Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN)?

Ahmed Ben Bella.

When did the French-Algerian War take place?

1954-1962.

What were the Evian Accords and when were they signed?

1962; it ended the Algerian War.