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Module 1 Definitions
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21 Terms
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Matter
Anything that has mass and occupies space
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Law of Conservation of Matter
Amount of matter existing \= constant (aka can’t destroy or create matter)
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Energy
the ability to move or to do work
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Law of Conservation of Energy
amount of energy \= constant (energy can’t be destroyed or created)
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Kinetic Energy
Molecular Motion (associated with Temperature)
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Absolute zero
Zero Molecular Motion (coldest temperature possible)
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Potential Energy
energy stored in chemical structure (Energy Associated with composition)
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Accuracy
How close a value is to the actual (true) value
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Precision
How close a set of values are to each other (when actual (true) value is not taken into account
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Physical properties
**one we can observe without changing the chemical identity of a substance**.
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Chemical properties
**a characteristic of matter that can only be observed and measured by performing a** chemical reaction or chemical change.
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Extensive properties
dependent on the amount of matter
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Intensive properties
Independent of the amount of matter
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Compound
2 or more different elements held together by chemical bonds
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Homogeneous Mixture
Same proportion of its components throughout the sample
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Heterogeneous mixture
mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout
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Atom
The smallest unit of a chemical element (defined by # of protons)
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Molecule
2 or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
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Heat
the amount of energy transferred from one system to its surroundings due to chemical differences
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Temperature
Average kinetic energy of all atoms or molecules of that substance
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Specific Gravity
The ratio of the density of a substance to the density of water
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