fall final flashcards- world history

European economies during Medieval Times relied heavily on agriculture, and so _________________ was of great value. 

fetrile land

A system of meant to organize land and the peasants who worked it was known as ....

manorialism

A ___________ gave military service and pledged loyalty to a lord in exchange for land to live on.

vassal

An association of artisans or merchants formed to set quality standards, establish prices, and help business flourish were known as ...

guilds

TRUE/FALSE: Before the mid 1100s, few people outside the Church could read or write Latin. 

true

TRUE/FALSE: Vernacular is the language is spoken by ordinary people

true

TRUE/FALSE: The legal procedure that prevents governments from holding a person indefinitely without appearing before a judge is known as Magna Carta 

false

Nomadic, polytheistic  Arabs who originated in the Saudi Arabian peninsula were known 

bedouin

The leader of an Arabic tribe - elected by a council of elders and representing multiple clans - is known as a ....

sheikh

The Arabic word for God is ...

allah

True or False: Jews, Christians, and Muslims worship the same god

true

The holy book of Islam is known as the ...

Quran

The word Islam means ...

submission

The journey from Mecca to Medina by Muhammad in 622 CE, which became the 1st year of the Islamic calendar was known as the 

Hijrah

a pilgrimage to Mecca (Makkah) by Muslims is known as a 

haj

The first great trading state in West Africa that emerged as early as 500 CE found in the upper Niger River Valley ... 

Ghana

The capital of the great empire of Mali in the 1200's was ... 

Timbuktu

One of the most power and richest kings of Africa who ruled Mali was ... 

Mansa Musa

By 1500, Mali was annexed by the Kingdom of _____________ and became the greatest power in Songhay. 

Songhai

TRUE or FALSE: Mansa Musa and Mali made their immense wealth by taxing the trade of gold and salt on the Trans-Saharan trade network. 

true

Africa includes MANY different climate zones. 

true

Broad grasslands dotted with small trees and shrubs .... 

savanna

An extended family unit that has combined into a larger community. 

lineage group

Tracing lineage through the mother ... 

matrilineal

A social system where men have more power than women is known as a ...

patriarchy

A special class of African storytellers who help keep alive a people's history

griot

The term Renaissance means...

rebirth

A request for a specific art or design project is known as

commission

The creator of the European printing press was

Johann Gutenberg

TRUE/FALSE: The invention of the printing press led to more people learning how to read.

true

Art that strives for accuracy in depicting of people or the natural world is known as

naturalism

In 1508, Michelangelo accepted a commission to paint the …

sistine chapel

TRUE/FALSE: Jan van Eyck perfected the technique of mixing pigment and oils to create “oil paint”

true

The German monk responsible for the Protestant Reformation

Martin Luther

A special pardon that could be bought to save your soul or the soul of a loved one was known as …

Indulgence

TRUE or FALSE: Ulrich Zwingli believed statues, icons, and other religious art were idols and false gods that should be destroyed.

true

Which reformer of the Catholic Church in Switzerland would punish worshippers who fell asleep or arrived late?

john calvin

Who founded the Church of England after the Pope refused to grant his divorce to Catherine of Aragon?

king henry viii

The Arabic word for successor is ...

caliph

The Arabic Empire was known as a 

caliphate

A Muslim group that only accepts the descendants of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali as the true leader of Islam ....

shia

A Muslim group that only accepts NON-FAMILY MEMBERS of Muhammad to rule as Caliph are known as ....

sunni

The Capital of the Abbasid Caliphate was 

baghdad

The arabic word for judge is ...

qadi

TRUE/FALSE:

Trade exchanges, rather than conquest, introduced people in Southeast Asia to Islam.

true

TRUE/FALSE:

The Abbasid Caliphate was the center of an Islamic Golden Age?

true

A form of elegant handwriting is known as ...

caligraphy

Which of the following is a tool you would use to calculate their position on Earth using the date, time, and angle of the sun?

astolab

Which Muslim scholar wrote the book, The Comprehensive Book on Medicine?

al-Razi

The Mongols civilization roamed and thrived on vast grassy plains known as ....

steppes

TRUE or FALSE: The nomadic Mongolians traded animal meat and cheese for commodities such as grain, wood, silk, and cotton. 

true

TRUE or FALSE: Mongolian horses were small and stocky and could run for six miles without stopping. 

true

The Mongolian Term for "Universal Ruler" is ....

genghis khan

The Mongols designed improved stirrups of leather and metal that allowed them control of their horses with their legs leaving their arms free to fire arrows. 

true

Before his death, Genghis Khan divided his empire into FOUR ____________________ - one for each of his sons.

khanates

TRUE or FALSE: If opposing armies put up a fight against the Mongols, they slaughtered everyone in their path. However, if locals provided no resistance, then people would be allowed to live. 

true

Kubali Khan - Genghis Khan's grandson -would eventually conquer the entirety of which country to Mongolia's south? 

china

Caravan routes across central Asia - including the Silk Roads - were largely safe thanks to the _____ ___________ created by Kubali Khan.

pax mongolia

The most famous Venetian trader to be employed by Kubali Khan's was ......

marco polo

The Empire that rose around 1400 CE in the area of the Andes Mountains in South America was known as the ...

inca

The first great ruler of Inca was 

patchacuti

The system of knot tying string to records, population numbers, and business accounts were known as ....

quipu

The Aztec Capital situated on Lake Texcoco was known as ....

tenochitlan

TRUE or FALSE: Both Aztecs and Incas had elements of human sacrifice in their culture.

true

what was a famous incan innovaction

machu picchu