CNP Final

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39 Terms

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Nursing as a profession
Public service, specialized knowledge, high responsibility, theory + practice, guided by altruism
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Why study nursing history
Shows roots of inequities, predicts future trends, links past to present practice
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Role of Indigenous caregivers
Healers, midwives, medicinal plant knowledge, organized care systems
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Jeanne Mance’s contribution
Founded first hospital in Quebec
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Grey Nuns’ role
Visiting nurses, cared during epidemics, spread west, founded St. Boniface Hospital
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Florence Nightingale’s impact
Founder of modern nursing, reduced mortality in Crimean War, emphasized cleanliness, comfort, statistics
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Mary Agnes Snively’s role
Improved nursing education, set standards, co‑founded CNA
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Victorian Order of Nurses
Founded by Lady Aberdeen
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Nursing theory
Organized body of nursing knowledge
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Nursing process phases
ADPIE — Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Intervention, Evaluation
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Nightingale’s theory
Healing environment: clean air, light, warmth, nutrition
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Henderson’s theory
14 basic needs
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Orem’s theory
Self‑care
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Peplau’s theory
Interpersonal relationships
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Johnson’s model
7 behavioral subsystems
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Watson’s theory
Nursing as caring
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Evidence‑informed practice
Using best research, patient values, and clinical expertise to guide care
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Sources of evidence
Research studies, QI data, patient experiences, clinical expertise
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Why expand nursing knowledge
To apply best evidence at bedside
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Nightingale’s role in research
Early pioneer
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Values vs. Ethics
Values = personal beliefs
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Purpose of Code of Ethics
Foundation for ethical practice
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Responsibility in nursing
Reliability, distinguishing right/wrong, safe performance of duties
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Accountability in nursing
Accepting responsibility, being answerable for actions
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Advocacy in nursing
Acting for patients
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Four principles of bioethics
Autonomy, Beneficence, Non‑maleficence, Justice
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Six CLPNM ethical standards
People‑centered care, safe/ethical care, confidentiality, collaboration, integrity, accountability
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Ethical dilemma
Conflict between two “good” values
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MAID
Medical Assistance in Dying
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Why nurses need legal knowledge
To protect themselves, protect patient rights, and ensure safe practice
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Tort
Civil wrong. Intentional = assault, battery, privacy breach, false imprisonment. Unintentional = negligence
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Negligence
Failure to meet standard of care
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Four elements of negligence
Duty owed, duty breached, patient harmed, breach caused harm
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Common negligent acts
Med errors, IV errors, falls, burns, poor monitoring, bad delegation
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Avoiding negligence
Follow standards, communicate, document fully, pursue education, ensure safe staffing
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Informed consent
Voluntary agreement with full disclosure of risks, benefits, alternatives, and consequences
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Nurse’s role in consent
Ensure understanding, advocate for clarity, use interpreters if needed
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Patient abandonment
Leaving unit while short‑staffed
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Unsafe doctor’s orders
Do not follow - report to supervisor - document