Ch. 31: Politics of the 1920s

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17 Terms

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Coolidge's presidency
Vetoed a bunch of bills because he just wanted to maintain a balanced budget; he did nothing virtually.
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GNP
Gross national product: Value of all the goods and services produced by the nation in a year.
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Feminists
________= somewhat happy, political equals, setback because some women dont want to work more than 10 hours a day.
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Hoover
In 1932, ________ was the most hated person in america.
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Calvin Coolidge
________ retires from Public life because of his death of his son → Spend more time with the fam.
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Shortcomings
________: allows for defensive war; (Germany invades poland in 1939= offensive), no provision for enforcement if the pact was violated.
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Solemn Referendum
1920 election: Wilson attempted to make a referendum on the LEague of nations (Solemn Referendum) → advocating for americans to vote for democratic candidates for congress and presidency= wanted to ratify treaty of versaille and American participation in the league of nations.
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Hoover's philosophy
rugged individualism
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GOod neighbor policy
Hoover trying to improve relations between latin america and US; Teddy Roosevelt destroyed latin american relations w /Corollary.
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Outcome
________: Landslide for Repubs → Repubs take control of both houses of congress; historians have said there are two important things to note for the ________:
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19th amendment
Gave women the right to vote
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Hawley SMoot tariff
highest protective tariff in American peacetime history (Raised up to 60 %)
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Wilsons economic policies
Attack on the triple wall of privilege (Trusts, banks, Tariffs)
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Washington Naval Conference
Dignitaries and diplomats invited to Conference (Don’t invite Germany because of treaty of versaille said they can’t be armed, and they didn’t invite russia because they were communists)
Washington Naval Conference when Hughes delivers his introductory comments shocks people with 10 year naval holiday
This meant to freeze navies at existing sizes and don’t increase for 10 years
This promotes peace and disarmament
10 year naval holiday doesn’t happen; sets tone for conference
GERMANY (very small domestic police force, and no army) AND RUSSIA (communists) aren’t here

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5-Power Treaty:
US, Great Britain, Japan, Italy, and France
US and GB (5), Japan (3), Italy and France (1.5)
Ratios represent: limit tonnage of battleships
For every 5 tons US would have, GB would have 5 tons, Japan would have 3 tons, and Italy/France would have 1.5 tons
US brokered an agreement
Our navy was on par with British royal navy (Japanese felt slighted, major power in Asia and they should have same respect as US/GB)
japan doesn’t sign this treaty

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4-Power treaty:

US, Great Britain, Japan, and France agree to respect territorial possessions in the Pacific

Throw Italy out: no territorial possessions in Pacific

Agreement is signed
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9-Power treaty:
US, Great Britain, Japan, France, Italy, the Netherlands, China, Belgium, Portuguese

It made the open door official with respect china’s territorial integrity

These treaties (1930s) are violated by japan and the international community doesn’t do anything