WW1

Manifest Destiny

The 19th-century belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable.

White Man's Burden

The belief that Western nations had an obligation to civilize and educate other peoples.

Anti-Imperialist League

An organization formed to oppose the expansion of American territory and imperialism.

Coaling Station

A location where ships can stop to take on coal for fuel, significant for military and trade purposes.

Labor Opposition

Resistance from workers regarding imperialism due to fears of job competition and the influx of 'scabs'.

Naval Expansion

The growth and strengthening of a country's navy to support imperialistic endeavors and national security.

Portsmouth Agreement

A treaty that ended the Russo-Japanese War, facilitated by Roosevelt, for which he won the Nobel Peace Prize.

Rough Rider

A nickname for the 1st United States Volunteer Cavalry, led by Theodore Roosevelt during the Spanish-American War.

Anthracite Coal Strike

A strike in 1902 by the United Mine Workers of America that led to negotiations and marked a significant event in labor relations.

Break up of Northern Securities

The Supreme Court decision in 1904 that dissolved the Northern Securities Company, a major railroad trust, under the Sherman Antitrust Act.

Mississippi Bear Hunting Trip

A 1902 incident where Roosevelt famously refused to shoot a bear, leading to the creation of the stuffed toy bear called 'Teddy Bear'.

Begin Construction of the Panama Canal

The start of the construction of the canal in 1904, which greatly enhanced global trade and naval logistics.

Assassination of William McKinley

The assassination of the 25th U.S. President in 1901, which led to Theodore Roosevelt assuming the presidency.

Meat Inspection Act

A 1906 law that aimed to ensure the safety and sanitation of the meatpacking industry after public outcry.

Gentleman’s Agreement

An informal agreement between the U.S. and Japan in 1907 to limit Japanese immigration.

Election of 1912

The presidential election in which Theodore Roosevelt ran as a third-party candidate, highlighting issues of progressivism.

World War One

A global war that lasted from 1914 to 1918.

Austria Hungary

The empire that included Bosnia and declared war on Serbia after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

Bosnia

A province of Austria Hungary with a significant population ethnically similar to Serbia.

The Black Hand

A secret terrorist organization in Serbia that aimed to incite a war with Austria Hungary.

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

The heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne whose assassination sparked World War One.

Sarajevo

The city in Bosnia where Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated.

Gavrilo Princip

The member of the Black Hand who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

Schlieffen Plan

Germany's military plan to quickly defeat France before turning to Russia.

Alliance System

A network of secret treaties and alliances between European powers that contributed to the escalation of conflict.

European Dogpile

The chain reaction of declarations of war among multiple countries following the assassination of Franz Ferdinand.

Neutrality

The position of the United States in the early stages of World War One, aiming to stay out of the conflict.

Zimmermann note

A secret diplomatic communication from Germany proposing a military alliance with Mexico against the United States.

Fourteen Points

A statement of principles for peace that was used for peace negotiations to end World War I, proposed by President Woodrow Wilson.

Committee on Public Information

A government propaganda agency created to promote the war effort and boost morale in the United States during World War I.

Espionage Act

Passed in 1917, it prohibited interference with military operations or recruitment, and authorized penalties for espionage.

Schenck v. United States

A Supreme Court case that upheld the Espionage Act, ruling that free speech could be limited in wartime.

War Industries Board

A government agency established during World War I to coordinate the production of war materials.

National War Labor Board

A U.S. government agency created to mediate labor disputes during World War I and improve labor conditions.

Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)

A radical labor organization advocating for workers' rights, known for its opposition to the U.S. entry into World War I.

Nineteenth Amendment

Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that granted women the right to vote, ratified in 1920.

Sheppard-Towner Maternity Act

A 1921 U.S. law that provided federal funds for maternity and infant health care.

Château-Thierry, Battle of

An early World War I battle in which American forces played a crucial role, marking the first significant engagement of U.S. troops.

Meuse-Argonne offensive

A major U.S. military offensive in World War I that took place from September 26 to November 11, 1918.

League of Nations

An international organization established after World War I to promote peace and cooperation among countries.

Irreconcilables

A group of U.S. senators who opposed the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations, believing it entangled the U.S. in foreign alliances.

Versailles Treaty

The peace treaty that ended World War I, imposing heavy reparations and territorial losses on Germany.

imperialism

The forcible imposition of one country's rule on the unwilling inhabitants of another.

Big Sister policy

A diplomatic strategy aimed at rallying Latin American nations under U.S. leadership.

Insular Cases

A series of Supreme Court cases that ruled that constitutional protections do not automatically extend to all territories under U.S. control.

Platt Amendment

An amendment that allowed the U.S. to intervene in Cuban affairs and established conditions for American influence in Cuba.

Open Door Policy

U.S. policy aimed at ensuring equal trading rights for all nations in China and preventing monopolization.

yellow journalism

Sensationalist journalism that exaggerates news stories to provoke public interest or outrage.

Teller Amendment

A declaration by Congress that the U.S. would not annex Cuba following the Spanish-American War.

Rough Riders

A volunteer cavalry regiment led by Theodore Roosevelt during the Spanish-American War.

Roosevelt Corollary

An extension of the Monroe Doctrine asserting U.S. intervention in Latin American affairs to maintain stability.

Boxer Rebellion

An anti-foreign uprising in China in 1900 aimed at ending foreign influence and promoting Chinese nationalism.

Great Rapprochement

The reconciliation between the United States and Britain in the late 19th century following a series of diplomatic crises.

McKinley Tariff

A tariff that raised duties on foreign sugar, impacting the sugar industry in Hawaii and contributing to desires for annexation.

Zimmermann note

A secret diplomatic communication from Germany proposing a military alliance with Mexico against the United States.

Fourteen Points

A statement of principles for peace that was used for peace negotiations to end World War I, proposed by President Woodrow Wilson.

Committee on Public Information

A government propaganda agency created to promote the war effort and boost morale in the United States during World War I.

Espionage Act

Passed in 1917, it prohibited interference with military operations or recruitment, and authorized penalties for espionage.

Schenck v. United States

A Supreme Court case that upheld the Espionage Act, ruling that free speech could be limited in wartime.

War Industries Board

A government agency established during World War I to coordinate the production of war materials.

National War Labor Board

A U.S. government agency created to mediate labor disputes during World War I and improve labor conditions.

Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)

A radical labor organization advocating for workers' rights, known for its opposition to the U.S. entry into World War I.

Nineteenth Amendment

Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that granted women the right to vote, ratified in 1920.

Sheppard-Towner Maternity Act

A 1921 U.S. law that provided federal funds for maternity and infant health care.

Château-Thierry, Battle of

An early World War I battle in which American forces played a crucial role, marking the first significant engagement of U.S. troops.

Meuse-Argonne offensive

A major U.S. military offensive in World War I that took place from September 26 to November 11, 1918.

League of Nations

An international organization established after World War I to promote peace and cooperation among countries.

Irreconcilables

A group of U.S. senators who opposed the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations, believing it entangled the U.S. in foreign alliances.

Versailles Treaty

The peace treaty that ended World War I, imposing heavy reparations and territorial losses on Germany.

imperialism

The forcible imposition of one country's rule on the unwilling inhabitants of another.

Big Sister policy

A diplomatic strategy aimed at rallying Latin American nations under U.S. leadership.

Insular Cases

A series of Supreme Court cases that ruled that constitutional protections do not automatically extend to all territories under U.S. control.

Platt Amendment

An amendment that allowed the U.S. to intervene in Cuban affairs and established conditions for American influence in Cuba.

Open Door Policy

U.S. policy aimed at ensuring equal trading rights for all nations in China and preventing monopolization.

yellow journalism

Sensationalist journalism that exaggerates news stories to provoke public interest or outrage.

Teller Amendment

A declaration by Congress that the U.S. would not annex Cuba following the Spanish-American War.

Rough Riders

A volunteer cavalry regiment led by Theodore Roosevelt during the Spanish-American War.

Roosevelt Corollary

An extension of the Monroe Doctrine asserting U.S. intervention in Latin American affairs to maintain stability.

Boxer Rebellion

An anti-foreign uprising in China in 1900 aimed at ending foreign influence and promoting Chinese nationalism.

Great Rapprochement

The reconciliation between the United States and Britain in the late 19th century following a series of diplomatic crises.

McKinley Tariff

A tariff that raised duties on foreign sugar, impacting the sugar industry in Hawaii and contributing to desires for annexation.