Thermochemistry ch 8

A set of flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts in thermochemistry.

Thermochemistry

The study of thermal energy, including heat, during chemical transformations.

Joule (J)

The SI unit of energy.

Calorie (cal)

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius.

Calorie (Cal)

A unit of energy equal to 1000 calories or 1 kilocalorie.

Kinetic Energy

Energy that a body possesses by virtue of being in motion.

Potential Energy

Energy possessed by a body due to its position or condition.

Law of Conservation of Energy

States that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed.

State Function

A physical property whose value does not depend on the path taken to reach that value.

Work (w)

A force applied to move an object over a distance, calculated as w = F × d.

Specific Heat Capacity (c)

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1°C.

Heat Capacity (C)

A property of an object defined as the amount of heat required to raise its temperature by 1°C.

ΔE (Change in Energy)

The difference between the final and initial energy states of a system.

Endothermic Reaction

A reaction that absorbs heat from the surroundings.

Exothermic Reaction

A reaction that releases heat to the surroundings.

Enthalpy (H)

The heat released or absorbed by a system at constant pressure.

Hess's Law

If you can add reactions to form a particular reaction, the enthalpy of that reaction is the sum of the enthalpies of the reactions added together.

Bond Energy

The amount of energy required to break a bond.