Cope Health Scholar Written Exam

Teamwork

-Define

- Ability to work towards a common vision

- Ability to direct individual accomplishments toward organizational objectives

Scope of Practice

-Define

The duties or services that a particular health care practitioner is authorized to perform

(Limited based on education, clinical experiences, and verification of competency)

What is the Scope of Practice for a Health Scholar?

DO:

- Assist the nurse in transporting, repositioning, or toileting tasks

- Assist the unit secretary with paperwork, telephones, or call lights

- Assist hospital staff and physicians as requested

- Assist the patient and family

- Engage in basic patient care tasks and gain invaluable experience in communicating with patients and interacting with the patient care team

- Gain solid understanding of desired profession and demonstrate commitment and dedicated to career goals

- * Help provide better patient care! :) *

DONT:

- Chart vital signs

- Read patient charts

- Enter restricted isolation rooms

- Transport certain patients alone

- Handle narcotics or medications

(These are only a few examples)

Allied Health

- Define

- Mid-level health care professionals who support, complement, or supplement the work done by physicians and nurses

- 'Allied Heath' is a broad term used to identify a cluster of health care professionals of over 100 occupational titles

Nursing

- Define

The use of clinical judgement to

- Enable people to improve, maintain, or recover health

- Help patients cope wth health problems and to achieve the best possible quality of life

Physician Extenders

- Define

- Health care professionals who carry out certain duties typically associated with a physician

- Usually a Physician's Assistant or Nurse Practitioner

- Not only filling the gap but adding genuine value

- Provide increased access to medical care (important for the Triple Aim)

What is the Triple Aim?

Cost

Quality

Access

Cost - Reduce the amount of money required for health care

Quality - Increase the quality of customer service and PERFORMANCE (i.e. Successful surgery, etc.) that a patient receives

Access - Make health care more accessible (i.e. More affordable and more resources available, more hospitals/community clinics, etc).

Anatomical Position

-Define

- Patient's body is erect

- Head, eyes, toes, and palms are directed forward with the limbs at sides of the body

Medial and Lateral

-Define

Medial

- Toward the midline of the body

Lateral

- Away from the midline of the body

Anterior/Ventral and Posterior/Dorsal

-Define

Anterior/Ventral

- Face or front side

Posterior/Dorsal

- Back side

Proximal and Distal

-Define

Proximal

- Close to the middle of the body, toward torso

Distal

- Away from the midline of the body, away from the torso

Cranial and Caudal

-Define

Cranial

- Toward the top of the head

Caudal

- Away from the top of the head, toward the hind parts

Superior and Inferior

-Define

Superior

- Above or over something, based on a reference point

Inferior

- Below or under something, based on a reference point

Flexion and Extension

-Define

Flexion

- Closing of a joint

Extension

- Opening of a joint

Supination and Pronation

-Define

Supination

- Palm of hand faces forward/ventrally

Pronation

- Palm of hand faces backward/dorsally

Supine and Prone

-Define

Supine

- Lying down facing ceiling (on back)

Prone

- Lying down facing the floor (on stomach)

Eversion and Inversion

-Define

Eversion

- Sole of foot faces outward

Inversion

- Sole of foot faces inward

Adduction and Abduction

-Define

Adduction

- Move toward the midline

Abduction

- Move away from the midline

Body Mechanics

-Define

The proper way to move a body part in relation to another, or one body in relation to another so as to minimize the risk of injury or strain

Bony Prominences

-Define

Areas of the body where the bone is close to the surface of the skin and greatest risk area for developing pressure sores, resulting in wounds

Fowler's Position

-Define

Patient is lying in bed in a supine position with the head of the bed elevated to

45 - 60 degrees

- Used after abdominal operations

Semi-Fowler's Position

-Define

Patient is lying in bed in a supine position with the head of the bed elevated to approximately

30 degrees

- (If necessary) Knees are slightly bent with pillow underneath

- Helps reduce pressure on patient's back

High-Fowler's Position

-Define

Patient is lying in bed in a supine position with the head of the bed elevated upright at

90 degrees

Trendelenburg Position

-Define

- Patient's head is low and legs are elevated

- Used as a first measure for hypotension or change of blood flow

Reverse Trendelenburg Position

-Define

- Patient's head is elevated

- Used for head trauma victims (i.e. Anyone with an open/bleeding wound)

5 forms of Patient Identification

1) White board

(In the main nurse's station for: Room #, Patient's name/initials, nurse's name)

2) Open ended question

(Full name or DOB)

3) Patient's ID band

(Confirm Name/DOB)

4) Patient's nurse

5) Chart

(Outside cover for: Name/Room #)

Proper Body Mechanics

-Define

- Neutral spine

- Low center of gravity

- Feet shoulder width apart

- Center of gravity directly over base of support

- Point toes in the direction of intended movement

- Lift with your legs and not your back

- Pushing is better than pulling

- Bed height to lowest hip height

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

-Define

Equipment used to reduce exposure to and protect against infectious materials:

DONNING (on):

- Gown

- Mask

- Goggles (if necessary)

- Gloves

- Face masks

DOFFING (off):

- Gloves

- Goggles (if necessary)

- Gown (roll it down towards your waist until it is a ball)

- Wash hands

- Masks

With the proper PPE, Health Scholars can enter:

- Contact isolation room

- Droplet isolation room

* CANNOT enter airborne room *

Protected Health Information (PHI)

-Define

Any information about a person's physical health, mental health, provided care, and payment for that care.

There are 3 forms of PHI:

1) Written

2) Electronic

3) Oral

For reporting of privacy/data breach, the Health Scholar must :

- Inform the Charge Nurse

- Notify the Program Manager

Incident vs. Injury

-Define

How do you report them?

Incident

- An unexpected or unanticipated event that happens to the PATIENT and needs to be reported to the facility and Program Manager

Injury

- A type of incident that happens to YOU - any physical or emotional harm that occurs while serving shifts in the facility

How does the Health Scholar report?

Incident:

- Tell the Charge Nurse & what unit you are stationed at

- Notify Program Manager

Injury

- Tell the Charge Nurse

- Get treated (at Employee Health or Emergency Department)

- Notify Program Manger

What is the number for the Program Manager?

888-248-2914

What are the following imaging techniques used for?

X-Ray

- Structure of bones/high-density tissues

-Must wear lead apron and thyroid shield to protect from ionizing radiation

CT

- Computerized Axial Tomography

- Special X-Ray for soft tissues (i.e. Liver, brain, or pancreas)

MRI

- Magnetic Resonance Imaging

- Uses magnetic field and radio waves to create cross-sectional images of head and body

- Time-consuming and expensive

Ultrasound

- High-frequency sound waves to produce real-time images of internal organs

- Used during pregnancy to see development of fetus

What is the term used to describe the entrance of foreign material into the larynx and lower respiratory tract?

Aspiration

What is the normal heart rate or pulse for an adult?

60-100 bpm

What are 4 signs of fainting?

Dizzyness

Nausea

Feeling hot

Feeling clammy

Loss of vision

Loss of hearing

Where do you palpate the pulse on an:

- Infant

- Child

- Adult?

Infant: Brachial nerve

Child: Carotid

Adult: Carotid

Name 5 arteries in the human body where a pulse can be measured

1) Carotid

2) Brachial

3) Femoral

4) Popliteal

5) Radial

6) Dorsalis Pedis

7) Posterior Tibial

You have just been splashed with blood from a removed I.V.

What steps do you take to remedy this situation?

-Examine clothing

-Irriggate eyes with clean water/saline

-Flush nose, mouth, & skin with water

Report:

- Charge Nurse

- Program Manager

[phone]

What is the central premise of universal health precautions?

ALL BODILY FLUIDS ARE POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS

What is a Scope of Practice?

Define duties or services that a particular practitioner is authorized to perform

What is the number you have to dial to "call a code" in the hospital?

St. Francis = 1111

What do these codes mean?

Code Blue

Code Silver

Code Yellow

Code Purple

Put other codes in here

Code Blue

- Adult medical emergency (anyone above 14 y/o)

Code White

- Child/Pediatric medical emergency (3 mo-13 y/o)

Code Silver

- Weapon/Hostage situation

Code Yellow

- Bomb threat

Code Purple

- Child abduction (14 y/o+)

Code Pink

- Infant abduction (When they cannot walk...not a toddler yet)

Code Red

- Fire

Code Gray

- Combative/Disruptive Patient

Code Orange

- Hazardous spill

RRT

- Rapid Response Team

Triage

- Internal/External disaster

What does PASS stand for?

What are the 3 types of fires?

What are the 3 things fires need to live?

Pull

Aim

Squeeze

Sweep

1) Electrical

2) Combustible

3) Liquid

1) Oxygen

2) Heat

3) Fuel

Name 4 different types of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) that you could use while interning in the hospital

DONNING:

1) Gown

2) Mask

3) Gloves

4) Goggles

DOFFING:

1) Gloves

2) Gown

(wash your hands)

3) Goggles

4) Mask

Name 2 things associated with the normal aging process that geriatric patients are most at risk for

1) Aspiration

2) Falling

3) Loss of skin integrity

When applying for Leave Of Absence (LOA), Health Scholars should submit their LOA request how far in advance for processing?

2 weeks

Under what conditions are Health Scholars allowed to handle medication?

NEVER

What 2 things must you do when you are going to miss a shift?

1) Call Charge Nurse within 15 min of the start of the shift

2) Email program manager at least 24 hours prior with

-valid excuse

-reschedule shift time/day

Health Scholars who do not know the answer to a question asked by hospital accreditation surveyors should do or say what?

-Apologize for not knowing the answer, say you will be right back to figure out the answer

- Ask a staff member, then go back to the surveyor with the answer

What is the latest date that you can sign up for shifts for the following month?

25th

What 5-6 items does your complete uniform consist of?

1) Health Scholar Polo (tucked in)

2) Khakis

3) Non-canvas white shoes, closed toe

4) ID badge

5) Pen

6) [Belt; hospital specific]

Your best friend says his grandmother is on the floor and asks about her case. What can you tell him?

Nothing about her case

That would be against HIPAA

What is the primary purpose of performing CPR?

To maintain circulation to vital organs

Name at least 5 groups that make up the patient care team

1) Allied Health Positions

2) Nursing

3) Physician

4) Volunteer

5) Patient

What are 5 ways of identifying a patient?

1) White board in Nurse's station

2) Patient's Nurse

3) Outside of Patient's Chart

4) ID Band

5) Open-ended question

You notice that by accident, you assisted a patient in an isolation room, what steps should you take next?

-Thoroughly wash hands with soap and water

-Examine clothing

-Notify Charge Nurse

-Report to Program Manager

[phone]

Name at least 5 careers that fall into the category of Allied Health

1) CNA

2) X-Ray Technician

3) Dietician

4) Health Scholar

5)

According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), what is the best way to prevent the spreading of a nosocomial infection?

HAND WASHING

What does HIPAA stand for and what is its purpose?

Health

INSURANCE

Portability

Accountability

Act

To protect the unauthorized disclosure of patient health information

What does the acronym RACEE stand for?

Rescue

Alarm + Dial 1111

Confine

Extinguish

Evacuate

What pulmonary condition is defined by decreased air entry caused by permanent enlargement of the airspace (alveoli)?

Emphysema

A Myocardial Infection (MI), also known as a Heart Attack causes a loss of blood supply to some part of the heart and possible some long-lasting cardiac damage.

Name at least 3 symptoms of a heart attack

1) Left arm pain

2) Jaw pain

3) Dyspnea (Shortness of breath)

4) Severe retrosternal pain

5) Diaphoresis (Sweating)

When leaving a contact or droplet isolation room, what is the order required for removing PPE according to the CDC?

DOFFING:

1) Gloves

2) Gown

(Wash hands)

3) Goggles

4) Mask

Which position is a patient placed in when she/he exhibits shock symptoms and has no evidence of head or spinal injury?

Trendelenburg Position

When is your Competency Checklist due and what do you do with it when it is complete?

-At the end of your 2nd shift (total of 8 hrs)

-Put it in the binder

You are ambulating an elderly gentleman down the hall when he complains of being dizzy.He suddenly loses consciousness and collapses.

What is your immediate response?

What is your follow-up response?

During the fall:

-Protect the head and neck

-If falling forward, stabilize the stomach area

-Use proper body mechanics to guide the Patient's fall

-Do not move the Patient or allow them to get up

-Staff would assist Patient

I would call for help and then report it as an incident

Inform the Charge Nurse

Report to the Program Manager

[phone]

What are the three transmission-based precautions?

Airborne (Health Scholars CANNOT enter)

Droplet (Need PPE)

Contact (Need PPE)

Health Scholars are required by program policy to be mandatory reporters for what 4 things?

1) Child abuse

2) Elderly abuse

3) Harassment

4) Domestic abuse

In order of occurrence, what things do you absolutely have to do if you are injured; regardless of how minor the injury is, while volunteering at the hospital?

Inform the Charge Nurse

Get treated

Report to the Program Manager

[phone]

What are the 6 vitals?

Pain

Blood Pressure

Respiratory Rate

O2 Saturation

Temperature

Heart Rate

What are the ranges for Vitals?

Pain

-8 or above, report to nurse

Blood Pressure

- 120/80 = Average adult

Systolic:

- 100-140 mm Hg

Diastolic

- 60-90 mm HG

Respiratory Rate

- Adult = 12-20

- Children = 15-30

- Newborns = 30-60

O2 Saturation

- 97%-99%

Temperature

- 98.6; 1 degree above + below

Heart Rate

- Adults = 60-100 bpm

- Children = 80-100 bpm

- Toddlers = 100-120 bpm

- Infants = 120-160 bpm

Age Ranges

Newborn

- Newborns - 1 mo

Infant

-1 mo -1 year

Toddler

-1 y/o - 3 /yo

Preschool & School age

- 3 y/o-12 y/o

Adolescent

-13 y/o - 18 y/o

Young adult

- 18 y/o - 40 y/o

Middle Adult

- 40 y/o - 64 y/o

Older Adult

- 65 y/o+