major affective depressive disorder & bipolar disorder asynch- pharm

pharm

can depression be defined?

no

depression is related to

altered effect

depression is a group of symptoms of . . .

worthlessness, guilt, low self esteem, lack of sleep, low energy, aimless, lethargic, loss of pleasure in life, introverted, poor social skills, suicidal thoughts

2 types of depression

reactive depression (stressor)

endogenous depression

one of the most common psychiatric disorders

depression

depression’s lifetime prevalence in men and women

~20%; ~30%

50% of depression episodes are rated

severe or high

causes and risk factors of depression

genetic

biological

environmental

psychological

genetic→ depression

higher risk if parents have depression

biological→ depression

reduced levels of NTs, hormone imbalance

environmental→ depression

stress, lifestyle, health

psychological→ depression

childhood trauma, divorce, death of loved ones, financial problems, physical abuse, substance abuse, iatrogenic

subtypes of depression

major depressive disorder

bipolar disorder

dysthymia

premenstrual dysphoric disorder

post partum depression

seasonal affective disorder

psychotic depression

melancholic depression

MDD is a

debilitating condition that continues for weeks or longer and disrupts life

symptoms of MDD

extreme sadness, hopelessness, lack of energy, irritability, trouble concentrating, changes in sleep or eating habits, feelings of guilt, physical pain, thoughts of death or suicide

when do most people have their first depressive episode by?

early 30s

MMD women & men

women have 2-3 fold higher rate of MDD than men

challenges with depression diagnosis

somatic complaints

social stigma

patient denial

associated with other diseases or side effects of other meds

absence of lab tests

dysthymia is also called

persistent depressive disorder

and involves fewer symptoms that MDD

dysthymia is a type of depression that causes

a low mood over a long period of time; perhaps for a year or more

with dysthymia, people function

adequately but NOT optimally

symptoms of dysthymia

sadness, trouble concentrating, fatigue, and changes in sleep habits and appetite