South Africa & Apartheid Unit World Civ H

Cape Town

First Dutch settlement in Africa, established 1653.

Great Trek

Boers' migration due to British control, 1830s.

Zulu Wars

Conflicts resulting in British territorial expansion.

Berlin Conference

1884 meeting to divide Africa among European powers.

Cecil Rhodes

British imperialist who sought Boer land for resources.

Boer War

Conflict between British and Boers, ended 1902.

Union of South Africa

Established in 1910 after British victory.

White Man's Burden

Poem reflecting European attitudes towards colonization.

Indirect Rule

Governance relying on local leaders in colonies.

Direct Rule

Governance by colonial officials with less local input.

African Nationalism

Emergence of educated African leaders advocating independence.

Kwame Nkrumah

Ghana's independence leader and nationalist figure.

Prohibition of Mixed Marriages

Law banning interracial marriages in South Africa.

Population Registration Act

Mandated racial classification of South African citizens.

Group Areas Act

Legislation enforcing racial segregation in living areas.

Natives Act

Required natives to carry passbooks for identification.

Bantu Education Act

Provided inferior education to black South Africans.

Reservation of Separate Amenities Act

Established segregated public facilities in South Africa.

Economic Inequality

Disparity in wealth and resources between races.

South Africa's AIDS Rates

High prevalence affecting economic and social rights.

Current President

Cyril Ramaphosa, leading amidst social tensions.

ANC

African National Congress, formed in 1912 for change.

Apartheid

System of institutionalized racial segregation in South Africa.

Freedom Charter

1955 document demanding rights for all South Africans.

Sharpeville Massacre

1960 protest response, resulting in police violence.

Umkhonto we Sizwe

Militant wing of ANC, founded by Mandela in 1961.

Nelson Mandela

Leader of ANC, imprisoned for life in 1962.

soweto school shooting

1976 protest against Afrikaans, resulted in 700 student deaths.

International Sanctions

1960s-1980s withdrawal of foreign investments from South Africa.

FW de Klerk

Last apartheid-era president, released Mandela in 1990.

First All-Race Elections

1993 elections marking the end of apartheid.