CIS US History sem 2 unit 2 mem
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24 Terms
Panama Canal Zone
Who: Theodore Roosevelt
Where: Panama
When: created in 1903
10 miles wide strip of land across Panama
Roosevelt Corollary
Who: Theodore Roosevelt
Where: Latin America and Caribbean (Dominican Republic, Cuba, and Nicaragua)
When: 1904
Lusitania
Who: German submarine (U-boat) killed 1,200 civilians, including 128 Americans
Where: Off the coast of Ireland in Atlantic Ocean
When: May 7, 1915
didn’t cause entrance to war(1917), but shifted public opinion
Espionage Act
Who: passed by Congress, signed by Woodrow Wilson
Where: US
When: 1917, during WWl
illegal to interfere, obstruct, or support opps
Sedition Act
Who: passed by Congress, signed by Woodrow Wilson
Where: US
When: 1918 (final year of WWl)
expanded earlier Espionage Act
illegal to speak, write, or publish criticism
one of most extreme restriction of freedom of speech
NAACP
Who: reformers like W.E.B. Du Bois, Ida B. Wells, etc.
Where: founded in NYC but nationwide (US)
When: 1909
Tulsa Massacre
Who: White mobs attacked Black residents
Where: Tulsa, Oklahoma (Greenwood District - “Black Wall Street”)
When: May 31-June 1, 1921
local authorities failed to intervene and sometimes supported white mobs
immediate cause: false accusation that a Black teen attacked white woman
but also deeper causes like resentment of successful black communities like Greenwood
Red Scare
Who: US gov officials, citizens, etc. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer.
Where: US, particularly in urban areas with large immigrant populations
When: 1919-1920
communism, anarchism, radical political ideologies
immigrants targeted
Palmer Raids
triggers: russian revolution, labor strikes, anarchist bombings, widespread fear, etc.
Treaty of Versailles
Who: Negotiated by Allied Powers
Where: Signed at Palace of Versailles in France
When: 1919
“war guilt clause” - accepting full responsibility for war
Flapper
Who: Young, middle-class women
Where: mostly urban areas across US
When: 1920s
causes: increased urbanization, economic prosperity, 19th amendment
broader traditional vs modern topic
Teapot Dome
Who: Warren G. Harding’s administration: Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall
Where: Teapot Dome, Wyoming and other oil reserves in California
When: 1921-1923
secret leasing of federal oil reserves to private companies in exchange for bribes, without competitive bidding (about $500k)
first imprisonment of US cabinet official
Scopes Trial
Who: John T. Scopes(Bio teacher), Clarence Darrow(defense attorney), William Jennings Bryan (Christian fundamentalist)
Where: Dayton, Tennessee
When: 1925
Great Depression
Who: All Americans and globally. African Americans, immigrants, and rural farmers suffered most.
Where: mainly US but global
When: 1929-1939
overproduction, uneven wealth, stock market, declining consumer spending, etc.
introduced FDR new deal
Stock Market Crash
Who: Investors, speculators, banks, and ordinary Americans who bought stocks (directly affected)
Where: famously Wall Street in NYC
When: Black Tuesday, October 29, 1929
stocks became overvalued, prices collapsed
not sole cause, but direct trigger to great depression
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
Who: US Senators Reed Smoot and Willis C. Hawley, signed into law by Herbert Hoover
Where: US, international trade
When: 1930, early in Great Depression
hoped it would encourage Americans to buy domestic products, protect jobs, and support struggling industries/farmers
worsened great depression
New Deal
Who: FDR
Where: US (federal, state, and local levels)
When: 1933-1939 (first and second new deals)
CCC, WPA, TVA, NRA, AAA, etc.
Relief: immediate assistance to unemployed and poor
recovery: fix economy
reform: prevent future economic collapses
direct gov role refined
CCC
Who: FDR, helped over 3 million unemployed, single, young men 18-25
Where: US, naitonal forests, parks, rural areas
When: 1933-1942 (during great depression)
Civilian Conservation Corps
environmental conservation
TVA
Who: FDR, engineers, planners, and local workers
Where: Tennessee Valley region
When: established 1933
Tennessee Valley Authority
AAA
Who: FDR, farmers in US (Midwest and South)
Where: Across US (major agricultural regions)
When: enacted 1933
Agricultural Adjustment Act
paid farmers to reduce crop production
bad for African Americans and sharecroppers/tenant farmers
Dust Bowl
Who: affected poor/tenant farmers
Where: 1930s
When: Great Plains region in US
WPA
Who: FDR, Americans, artists, writers, etc.
Where: everywhere in US (rural and urban alike)
When: 1935-1943
Works Progress Administration
public works projects
Social Security Act
Who: FDR, retirees, disabled individuals, unemployed workers, widows/children
Where: US
When: 1935
federal safety net
provide financial security, prevent future economic hardship, and protect those most vulnerable
Court Packing
Who: FDR, Supreme Court
Where: U.S. at federal judicial level
When: 1937
expand supreme court by adding 6 new justices that would support new deal
although failed and criticized, Court later allowed programs to continue
Scottsboro Case
Who: 9 African American boys (Scottsboro Boys)
Where: Scottsboro, Alabama
When: 1931-1937
accused of raping 2 white women
unfair court, all-white juries, etc.
